No abstract available.
Humans ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Tissue Donors*

There are 4 main issues in preparation for liver transplantation: 1) receiver, included pre-transplantation balance; 2) donor; 3) human resource and technique; 4) establishing the plan for hospitalization and post-transplantation monitoring. In France, liver transplantation has longed and improved the quality of life for several patients. Livers for transplantation were gathered from cadaver and distributed restrictedly according to law that based on human principle to serve the people health. Legal and economic factors give a favour condition for preparing the liver transplantation
liver ; Liver Transplantation ; Tissue Donors

No abstract available.
Mass Screening* ; Tissue Transplantation* ; Transplants*

Humans ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue Transplantation

PURPOSE: Cyclosporine dosing is traditionally based on cyclosporine trough level (C0). Recently, however, it was reported that 2-hour post dose sampling point (C2) represents more precisely area under the curve (AUC) which measures drug exposure and that it has better correlations with acute rejection and cyclosporine nephrotoxicity than CO. we evaluated the clinical usefulness of C2 monitoring in living-donor renal transplant recipients during early post- transplant period. METHODS: Thirty-four renal transplant recipients with living related donor were included. Patients are divided into two groups (C0 and C2 group), in an alternating order. They received cyclosporine-based triple immunosuppression (Cyclosporine, Prednisolone, Mycophenolate mofetil). In both groups, cyclosporine dosing was based on C0 and C2, respectively, and adjusted to target level (C2: 1,600~2,000 ng/mL) Cyclosporine whole blood level was measured by radioimmunoassay. C0, C2 and AUC0-4 were measured regularly during early post-transplant period. RESULTS: For total 34 recipients (C0 group: 16 patients, C2 group: 18 patients), AUC0-4 was measured 95 times. Only 21% of the measurements, 20 of 95, were in the target level, 4,400~5,500 ng/mL, while 69% of them, 66 of 95, were less than 4,400 ng/mL. In C2 group, 69% of the total measurements for C2, 111 of 162, were less than 1,600 ng/mL. C2 correlated much more closely with AUC0-4 (R=0.936) than CO (R=0.450). No patient have acute rejection. 41.2% of the total patients, 14 of 34, haved cyclosporine hepatotoxicity and 14.7% of them, 5 of 34, haved cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. 31.3% of the patients in CO group, 5 of 16, haved cyclosporine hepatotoxicity and 18.8% of them, 3 of 16, have cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. C2 group haved cyclosporine hepatotoxicity in a half cases (9 of 18, 50%) and 18.8% of them, 2 of 18, have cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. Between two groups, there was no statistical difference in the correlations with cyclosporine hepatotoxicity and cyclosporine hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSION: C2 is more accurate single-sample marker for AUC0-4 than C0. Considering high frequency of cyclosporine hepatotoxicity and cyclosporine nephrotixicity, the target levels of AUC0 and C2 in living- donor transplantation would be lowered.
Cyclosporine ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Prednisolone ; Radioimmunoassay ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation

Adipose Tissue ; transplantation ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; methods ; Safety ; Transplantation, Autologous

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation Chimera

transplantation immunology, and development of tissue banking procedure has enabled oral and maxillofacial surgeons to reconstruct even the most difficult bony defects successfully with the preserved allogeneic bone implant. Now autogenous bone and allogeneic bone implants present a wide variety of surgical options to surgeons, whether used separately or in combination. The surgeons are able to make judicious and fruitful choices, only with a through knowledge of the above-mentioned biologic principles and skillful techniques. The author evaluated 116 cases where allogeneic bones were transplanted for oral and maxillofacial reconstruction.]]>
Allografts ; Biology ; Bone Transplantation ; Fruit ; Physiology ; Tissue Banks ; Transplantation Immunology

The infusion and persistence in a transplant recipient of donor-derived bone marrow cells (DBMC) of multi-lineage can lead to a state of permanent chimerism. In solid vascular organ transplantation, the donor bone marrow lineage cells can even be derived from the transplant organ, and these cells can be detected in very small numbers in the recipient. This has been called microchimerism. Much controversy has developed with respect to the function of chimeric cells in organ transplantation. One idea is that the occurrence of these donor cells found in microchimerism in the recipient are coincidental and have no long-term beneficial effect on engraftment. A second and opposing view, is that these donor cells have immunoregulatory function that affect both the acute and chronic phases of the recipient anti-donor responses. It follows that detecting quantitative changes in chimerism might serve as an indication of the donor-specific alloimmune or regulatory response that could occur in concert with or independent of other adaptive immune responses. The latter, including autoimmune native disease, need to be controlled in the transplant organ. The safety and immune tolerance potential of DBMC infusion with deceased and living donor renal transplants was evaluated in a non-randomized trial at this center and compared with non-infused controls given identical immunosuppression. Overall DBMC infusions were well tolerated by the recipients. There were no complications from the infusion (s), no episodes of graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) and no increase infections or other complications. In the deceased DBMC- kidney trial, actuarial graft survival at 5 years was superior especially when graft survival was censored for recipient death. Acute rejections were significant reduced in patients given two DBMC infusions, and chronic rejection was dramatically reduced in all DBMC treated patients. The most interesting finding was that the degree of microchimerism slowly increased over the years the DBMC group that had exhibited no rejection episodes. In the DBMC-living related trial, the incidence of acute rejection did not differ between groups. However, DBMC chimerism in recipient iliac crest marrow had increased more rapidly than might be predicted from results previously seen in the cadaver group, despite four times fewer DBMC infused, with the generation of T- regulartory cells in-vitro assays.
*Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Humans ; *Kidney Transplantation ; *Living Donors ; *Tissue Donors ; *Transplantation Chimera ; *Transplantation Tolerance

Humans ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue Transplantation