A surveillance on the situation of school sanitary at 89 schools during the school year of 1999-2000 and an investigation on knowledge for disease preventive sanitation at 26 primary and secondary schools showed the school sanitary still had many problems: 50,56% of schools had enough areas; 47,19% of schools had enough areas for plantation; 31,46% of schools had sufficient playing ground. There were many limitations on class sanitary; 48,31% of schools had adequate lighting in classes; 59,55% schools had desks with proper standards; 74,6% boards met requirements. Lack of toilets in schools: 46,08% schools had enough toilets; 64,06% had enough pees; 40,45% had enough boiled water for pupils.
School Health Services ; Sanitation

In order to making plan and conducting medical mission in Hai Phong, we investigated the actual state of health services at 20 schools in Hai Phong. Basing on obtained materials, we have following results: Medical professional is functioning in 55% of surveyed schools, but most of them have not good qualification. In 86.5% of classrooms, there is good natural light, but nowhere have got standardized school furniture.
School Health Services ; Delivery of Health Care

The research has carried out on October 1997 in Can Tho City and Ha Tay province, to assess pupils' health in order to recommend correspondent solutions for this situation. By questionnaire and deeply interview, 900 pupils of 9 primary schools in Can Tho and Ha Tay were assessed. The results are as follows: there is a high prevalence of disease. Most of the diseases are headache, dental disease. Pupils' health care at school has become more important. Many health programs have been implemented in school. However, the effectiveness of those has not reached the expected result (e.g. periodical health examination, some other health services...). It is necessary to have further research for pupils' health and support from the government and the local authorities.
School Health Services ; Delivery of Health Care

The health related problems can be reduced through the school health programs such as HIV/AIDS, accident and trauma, reproductive health, helminthic diseases, nutrition, drinking water supply and environment, immunization, alcohol drinking, smoking, drug addiction, orodental health. The WHO planned the activities for school health program. The children health has been improving but the young generation must respond to new risks and challenges. In 2000, there were about 26 millions of people with HIV infection with 2 millions deaths due to AIDS, and 3 millions of deaths due to the smoking, the drug resistance microbial are increasingly.
School Health Services ; Delivery of Health Care

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to explore the professional identity of elementary school health teachers. METHODS: In-depth interviews with fifteen elementary school health teachers were conducted from July 2010 to August 2012. Qualitative data collected by the researcher including transcription and field notes were analyzed through an adapted methodology based on the Grounded Theory of Strauss and Corbin. RESULTS: Fifteen categories, 35 sub-categories and 120 concepts were obtained. The key category that was consistently maintained in identity formation was 'keeping themselves being a teacher providing nursing' which has three styles, 'focusing on health education', 'combining nursing and education' and 'focusing on providing nursing care'. CONCLUSION: Results of this study will provide basic information for preparing manuals regarding the range of activities in school health teachers' jobs, improving promotion and merit payment systems for school health teachers, creating support programs for them, and contributing to the formation and establishment of their professional identity.
Nursing ; Professional Role ; Qualitative Research ; School Health Services* ; School Nursing

No abstract available.
Humans ; Physicians, Family* ; School Health Services*

Schools ; incidence of cases ; School Health Services ; Role ; Health Surveys

One of the major functions of nurses is to promote health and wellness of individuals both healthy and ill. Promoting proper hand washing is the most basic infection-control measure a nurse can assume to attain this goal. Individuals become more susceptible to diseases without proper practice and sufficient understanding of this skill. It is a challenge for nurses to encourage the people to be compliant in making hand washing a necessary part in the maintenance or improvement of their health. This is especially true for school-aged children, who are constantly exposed to the environment and thus to bacterial and infectious agents, are at a higher risk. Technology has widened the dissemination of knowledge. Audio-Visual Presentations (AVP) has made education and learning more easily facilitated. Education involves giving information to improve knowledge about a certain concept and Message Framing is one method. The study combined the two strategies in promoting hand washing. The objective of this study is to determine which type of message framing through an AVP: positive (shows benefits and gains) or negative (shows risks and losses), is more effective in promoting proper hand washing among Grade 1 pupils. The researchers included 72 grade 1 pupils from a public elementary school to participate in the study through convenience and cluster sampling. The data was gathered through a pre-test and post-test method. In the analysis, the total average scores of the posttest of each group, positive message framing and negative message framing, was used to determine which type of message framing through an AVP is more effective in teaching and promoting proper hand washing. Further, the paired t-test method was used to determine if there is a significant increase in the average scores of all the students from pretest to posttest to see if there is an improvement in the knowledge and beliefs of students regarding proper hand washing. A 17-item Hand Hygiene Questionnaire served as a pretest and posttest to gather data. The findings showed that positive message framing through an AVP is more effective in promoting proper hand washing among Grade 1 pupils. Positive message framing group showed a higher posttest average and indicates better understanding and improved knowledge about proper hand washing.This result of this study will help nurses as well as teachers and other health care professionals in applying a new strategy in promoting health and wellness among their clients.
Hand Disinfection ; Child ; Students ; School Health Services ; Health Promotion

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe and understand elementary school health teachers' role perception in their own perspectives. METHODS: Data were collected from three focus groups composed of five participants for each group. Each focus group had an interview for two and a half hours on the average. The main question was "What is your perception on the roles of health teachers in elementary schools?" Qualitative data from transcribed notes and field notes were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Five main roles were identified from the participants. The participants perceived themselves as 'an expert of health education in school and community', 'a health service provider for school members', 'a health guardian for school members', 'the coordinator of healthcare related works in school', and 'the leader of school health'. CONCLUSION: The participants have multiple role identities, which are very important for health management of school members. And the roles such as an expert of health education and a leader for school health are recently emphasized. The findings of this study can provide useful information to design orientation programs for newly appointed health teachers and continuing education programs for enhancing role performance of health teachers in elementary schools.
Delivery of Health Care ; Education, Continuing ; Focus Groups ; Health Education ; Health Services ; Humans ; School Health Services

OBJECTIVES: Through mass survey with Seoul School Health Center, this study was performed to find out any correlational factors that affect test anxiety in individual's temperament and attachment type among middle and high school students in Seoul. METHODS: Subjects were 4,178 students from 6 middle schools, 5 high schools and 1 technical high school in this study from May to June, 2005. Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) by Spielberger, Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) by Collins and Read and Junior Temperament Character Inventory (JTCI) by Ludy were used in this study. RESULTS: Among 4 groups by sex and age, high school girls had the highest level of test anxiety and high school boys had the lowest level of test anxiety. The attachment subscore showed no significant differences in four groups. High school girls had higher social susceptibility but had lower novelty seeking subscores than high school boys. Middle school students revealed no meaningful differences of temperament between sex. Compared to low test anxiety group, high test anxiety group showed significantly high anxiety subscores in attachment scale and high harm avoidance subscores in temperament scale. However, the results of other three subscores of temperament and two subscores of attachment were reversed. Anxiety subscore of attachment and harm avoidance subscore of temperament positively correlated with test anxiety score (r=0.26, r=0.32). However, other subscores negatively correlated with test anxiety score and the correlation coefficient scores were very low. CONCLUSION: We concluded that, in temperament and attachment aspect, the most important factor affecting test anxiety was harm avoidance temperament and the next important factor was anxious attachment.
Adolescent* ; Adult ; Anxiety* ; Female ; Humans ; School Health Services ; Seoul ; Temperament*