No abstract available.
Parkinson Disease*

No abstract available.
Parkinson Disease*

No abstract available.
Parkinson Disease*

Depression and pain are common and often early non-motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD). The relationship between pain and depression in PD has been unsettled, with conflicting findings. The PD patients followed up at the general neurology outpatient clinics were requested to complete Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and McGill pain questionnaire. The patients were categorized in three groups according to the Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stage of PD; mild (stage I&II), moderate (stage III) and advanced stage (stage IV&V), and group comparisons were performed in each group between those with and without pain. A total of 186 patients completed the questionnaires. Their mean age was 74±9.3 years, and the mean H-Y stage was 2.8±0.8.Sixty-nine percent of the patients reported pain symptoms of various natures. The BDI scores were significantly higher in the pain group (P< 0.0001) despite the absence of statistically significant differences in the mean age, H-Y stage, and duration of illness. Only PD patients of mild stage revealed significant difference of BDI scores between those with pain and without pain (P <0.001). Our results showed that pain is a common symptom in patients with PD and suggest that it may be related to depression in the early stage of the disease.
Parkinson Disease

Background and objective:to identify the prevalence of non-motor symptoms (NMS) and to determine the association between NMS and motor symptoms in Thai Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in PD patients at Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital between January-June 2014. The NMS were assessed by using Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire-Thai version. All data were analyzedfor identifying the prevalence of NMS and determining the correlation between NMS and motor symptoms. Results:One hundred thirty six PD patients were enrolled. The severity of disease according to Modified Hoehn and Yahr (MHY) was 1-1.5=33.1% of the patients, 2-2.5=52.2% and 3-5=14.7%. All patients (100%) had NMS with mean number of 13.2±6.7 symptoms (ranging from 1-29). Nocturia was the commonest symptom (82.4%), followed by constipation (74.3%) and forgetfulness (69.9%). Bowel incontinence was the least frequent symptom (19.9%). Sleep disorder was the mostprevalent domain (92.6%), followed by digestive domain (91.9%) and urinary domain (89.0%). The number of NMS significantly increased with the degree of severity of disease and was higher in patients with motor complications. Conclusion:NMS were reported by every Thai PD patients, and at all stage of the disease. Nocturia symptom and sleep disorder domain were the most frequent NMS. The number of NMS strongly correlated with motor complications and the severity of motor symptoms. However the presence of motor complications appears to have stronger association with some NMS domains than the motor severity
Parkinson Disease

In the early stages or atypical manifestation of parkinsonism, dopamine transporter imaging can assist the early diagnosis. We describe a 19 year-old man presenting with progressive gait disturbance, cervical dystonia and head tremor. 18F-FP-CIT PET (FluoroPropyl-Carbomethoxylodopropyl-nor-BTropane positron emission tomography) was done and interpreted as normal at other hospital, and his diagnosis remained baffling. He visited our hospital several months later, and the FP-CIT PET image was reviewed by the nuclear medicine physician in our hospital, who also interpreted it as normal. However, we reviewed his FP CIT-PET image because his clinical picture was strongly suggestive of juvenile parkinsonism. After adjusting the window setting of the PET image, we could appreciate the decreased uptake in the bilateral basal ganglia. Thus he was finally diagnosed as juvenile parkinsonism and gene test confirmed Park2 gene mutation. In conclusion, proper window setting is important during visual assessment of dopamine transporter imaging.
Parkinson Disease

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate cortical hypometabolism of the F-18- fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) based on a diagnostic cutoff point of the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) in de novo PD.Methods: We recruited 24 PD patients and 15 healthy controls to analyze FDG-PET. We divided the patients into two groups by the diagnostic cutoff point of MMSE for diagnosing dementia, with scores of>25 vs. < 25. FDG-PET was processed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 8 running on Matlab 11. Results: Patients with a MMSE < 25 presented lower score in time orientation, serial sevens, language and pentagon copying of MMSE compared to patients with a MMSE >25. Compared to healthy controls, patients with a MMSE> 25 and < 25 showed a fronto-temporo-parietal hypometabolism, which was more extended in patients with a MMSE < 25. Difference in cortical hypometabolism between patients with a MMSE >25 and < 25 was found in the right inferior parietal lobule. Conclusions: In the comparison by cutoff point of MMSE (25/24), hypometabolism in the right inferior parietal lobule suggests that the posterior cortical deficit is the main region ofde novo PD with cognitive impairment. Hypometabolism of right inferior parietal lobule is related to the damage of cerebral networkin de novo PD.
Parkinson Disease

Background & Objectives: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, beginning in the in the substantia nigra and spreading to the subcortical structures to the limbic cortices, and eventually to the neocortex and is characterized clinically by tremor at rest, bradykinesia, and rigidity. Regional brain atrophy is found to be an important marker of PD’s pathology. The aim of the current study was to compare the volumes of subcortical brain structures between healthy subjects and patients with PD using stereological (point-counting) and semi-automated segmentation methods. Methods: Twenty-four patients with PD and 23 age matched healthy subjects free of any psychiatric, neurological or cognitive impairment were included in our study. Magnetic resonance images were analyzed by using two methods. Results: Both methods showed a decrease in volume of caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus in PD group compared to the control group. (p˂0.05). However, no significant differences was found between patient and control groups for the volume of thalamus (p>0.05). Also, no significant difference was found between point-counting and semi-automated segmentation methods for the volumes of subcortical structures in both two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Magnatic resonance imaging is helpful to facilitate the diagnosis in vivo of patients with PD, revealing atrophy of specific brain regions such as caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus.
Parkinson Disease

No abstract available.
Parkinson Disease

Objective To investigate the incidence rate of sleep disorders， the features of sleep structure， and related influencing factors in patients with Parkinson disease （PD）.Methods A total of 101 patients with PD who attended the outpatient services or were hospitalized in Department of Neurology， The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University， from August 2016 to April 2022 were enrolled as subjects， and Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale Part Ⅲ （UPDRS-Ⅲ） and Hoehn-Yahr （H-Y） staging were used to evaluate motor function and disease severity. The patients with PD were tested using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）， Epworth Sleepiness Scale （ESS）， International Restless Legs Scale （IRLS）， and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder （RBD） scale， and related information was collected or measured， including body height， body weight， body mass index （BMI）， neck circumference， abdominal circumference， and past medical history. All patients received standardized nocturnal polysomnography （PSG）.Results Among the 101 patients with PD， 87 （86.14%） had sleep disorders. PSG showed that common sleep disorders included RBD，periodic limb movements （PLM）， and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS）. For the PD patients with RBD，the proportion of rapid eye movement sleep was （13.14±8.11）%， with poor subjective sleep quality and obvious depression. PLM was often comorbid with restless legs syndrome in PD patients. OSAHS was more likely to occur in PD patients with greater neck circumference and abdominal circumference，and there was no obvious association between OSAHS and BMI； in addition，excessive daytime sleepiness was more common in PD patients with OSAHS，which had a greater impact on the daytime function of the patents.Conclusion There is a relatively high incidence rate of sleep disorders in PD patients， and PD patients with sleep disorders often have the manifestations of RBD，PLM and OSAHS. PD patients with RBD tend to have poor sleep quality and obvious depression， and OSAHS is more likely to occur in PD patients with greater neck circumference and abdominal circumference，which is not significantly associated with BMI.
Parkinson Disease