No abstract available.
Human papillomavirus 16 ; Vaccination

The aim of this study was to determine whether viral type HPV-6 and HPV-11 could have influence on the clinical course of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in children. The detection of viral typing, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on papilloma biopsies of 36 patients at ENT Hospital HCM City from 3/2000 to 3/2004. HPV-6 was detected in 17 patient's biopsies and HPV-11 in 19 biopsies. After the findings, patients infected by HPV-11 have more aggressive than patients infected by HPV-6 (73.7% vs 29.4%; p=0.008). Patients with HPV-11 have higher prevalence of tracheotomy and shorter interval time between two operations than patients with HPV-6
Papilloma ; Respiratory system ; epidemiology ; human papillomavirus 11 ; human papillomavirus 6

Study on the incidence rate of cervical cancer on 1.122 women aged from 15 to 69 years old were interviewed and had a gynaecological examination in an urban district of HoChiMinh city. HPV DNA detection was performed using a GP5+/6+ primer-mediated PCR enzyme immunoassay. IgG antibodies against herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) were determined in blood samples using an ELISA assay. The results showed that: HPV DNA was detected among 10.9% of women in HoChiMinh city. 28 different HPV types were detected, the most common being HPV 16 (in 14 single and 18 multiple infections), followed by HPV 58, 18 and 56. A peak of HPV DNA detection in women below age 25 was found. Major risk factors for HPV DNA detection in the multivariate analyses were: indicators of sexual habits, most notably the presence of HSV-2 antibodies, nulliparity and the current use of oral contraceptives
Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; epidemiology ; women

Objective: To determine the prevalence and describe the clinical characteristics of high risk HPV mong patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas in our institution utilizing p16 and HPV DNA in-situ hybridization testing and to determine the factors associated with high risk HPV positivity. Methods: Design: Retrospective Cohort Review Setting: Tertiary Private Training Hospital Participants: 29 Results: A total of 29 primary oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas were diagnosed during the 11-year study period (January 2010 to December 2021). Based on the HPV in-situ hybridization status, the prevalence of high risk HPV oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in our institution was 52%. Majority of these cases were males (87.5%) with a median age of ≤55 years old (60%) who are non-smokers (88.2%) and non-drinkers of alcoholic beverages (80%). There was no statistically significant association between age group, sex, smoking status, alcohol intake, lymph node status and high risk HPV infection. The most common tumor site involved in HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma was the tonsil (87%). Majority demonstrated a nonkeratinizing histology (73%) with positive lymph node status (67%) upon clinical presentation. Fifteen (83%) of the 18 p16 positive squamous cell carcinomas were positive for high risk HPVDNA. Of note, 3 (17%) out of the 18 p16 positive squamous cell carcinomas turned out to have negative HPV DNA-ISH status. Conclusion Although no statistically significant correlation between any clinical characteristic with viral status was established, HPV-mediated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in this institution was commonly seen among males aged 54 years old and below who are nonsmokers and non-drinkers of alcoholic beverages with the palatine tonsil as the most common site presenting with a non-keratinizing histology. In terms of testing, p16 staining correlates well with high risk HPV status. Future studies utilizing a larger patient population may aid in elucidating statistically significant clinical associations in our local population
human papillomavirus ; oropharyngeal cancer ; p16

Certain human papillomavirus (HPV) types are strongly associated with cervical cancer. Recently-described effective vaccines against these HPV types represent a great medical breakthrough in preventing cervical cancer. In Malaysia, the vaccine has just received regulatory approval. We are likely to face similar barriers to implementing HPV vaccination as reported by countries where vaccination has been introduced. Most women have poor understanding of HPV and its link to cervical cancer. Physicians who will be recommending HPV vaccines may not have extensive knowledge or experience with HPV-related disease. Furthermore, a vaccine against a sexually-transmitted infection may elicit negative reactions from potential recipients or their cares, particularly in a conservative society. Given the high cost of the vaccine, reaching the most vulnerable women is a concern. To foster broad acceptance of HPV vaccine, education must be provided to health care providers, parents and young women about the risks of HPV infection and the benefits of vaccination.
Papillomavirus, Human ; Vaccines ; Human Females ; Vaccination ; Malaysia

OBJECTIVETo analyze the infection condition of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and 18 in the squamous cells and columnar cells of patients with common anorecatal lesions.

METHODSInfections of HPV type 16 and 18 were determined with real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR in the wax-embedded surgical specimen of 805 patients with common anorectal diseases.

RESULTSThe overall infection rate among 805 patients with anorecatal lesions was 66.1% (532/805). The infection rate was 82.6% (95/115) in patients with mixed hemorrhoids, 76.5% (88/115) in anal papillary fibromas, 74.8% (86/115) in internal hemorrhoids, 72.2% (83/115) in fistulas, 69.6% (80/115) in external hemorrhoids, 47.8% (55/115) in anal perianal abscesses, and 39.1% (45/115) in anal fissures.

CONCLUSIONInfection rate of HPV type 16, 18 in common anorectal lesions is high.

Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; Humans ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Rectal Diseases ; epidemiology

The efficacy of HPV vaccine in preventing cervical cancer has been demonstrated in numerous clinical trials and clinical uses. The follow-up after clinical trials usually last for 5-6 years to evaluate the long-term efficacy, and a series of long-term follow-up studies have been conducted in some regions. The literature retrieval of HPV vaccine long term efficiency research both at home and abroad indicated that the protective efficacy of the vaccine against vaccine-type-related cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 and above is higher than 90%.
Humans ; Human Papillomavirus Viruses ; Biomedical Research ; Papillomavirus Vaccines

BACKGROUND

Cervical cancer remains to be the second leading cancer and cause of cancer-related deaths among Filipino women despite the use of the Papanicolaou screening. Latest research has shown that the human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary cause of cervical cancer. With major morbidity and high mortality rates associated with HPV infection and cervical cancer, several modes of primary and secondary forms of prevention have to be implemented. Among the primary modes of prevention is the administration of the preventive vaccine, which has consistently shown to decrease substantially HPV disease and cervical cancer rates in developed countries. In our country, before a successful vaccination, program is implemented, several sociocultural issues have to be addressed. Knowledge, attitude, and motivational factors are vital in determining acceptance of the vaccine. One relevant setting is exploring the willingness of mothers to get their female children vaccinated even before they become sexually active.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of the study was to determine the association of the knowledge, attitude, and motivational factors of mothers on their willingness for their female children aged 9–13 years to undergo HPV vaccination at a tertiary government hospital.

STUDY DESIGN

This was a cross-sectional study that was carried out at a government institution.

POPULATION

The population consisted of 352 mothers with female children aged 9–13 years consulting the outpatient clinics at the department of obstetrics and gynecology at a tertiary government hospital.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A pretested and validated survey was given to 352 respondents. They were asked to answer a self-administered questionnaire that included sociodemographic, reproductive, sexual history variables, knowledge, and attitude, and motivational factors toward the disease and the associated vaccine.

RESULTS

Using the survey proportion estimation methods, the prevalence of women who were willing to enroll their daughters for HPV vaccination was 97.18% (n = 42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 94.91 to 98.46%). It can be noted that only a third of the sample had high knowledge on the vaccine and its use 34.93% (n = 124, 95% CI: 30.25 to 39.92%). More women who reached college level (χ2: 5.67) and also those whose youngest child was between 11 and 13 years old (χ2: 8.82)-had higher knowledge scores than otherwise. Those who have an annual income of greater than or equal to P 60,000 (χ2: 16.55) and are non-Catholic (χ2: 18.77) – also appeared to have higher knowledge ratings on the questionnaire. Women who never to a few times a year attend church-related activities had higher knowledge scores compared to women who were more frequent goers (χ2: 16.33). For the attitude toward the vaccine, more mothers believed that getting the vaccine would not have an effect on a girl’s sexual activity and most agreed that they would not be viewed as bad parents. Most women also did not believe that religion would affect their willingness to vaccinate their children. There was an association in the degree of agreement between negative and positive attitudes from the Chi-square test performed (χ2: 7.44, P: 0.01). There were more agreeing responses from factors determining positive attitude and more disagreeing responses in the factors determining negative attitude. With regard to motivational factors, more women agreed that the cost was prohibitive and that they were more willing if only two doses would be required for their daughters. They were also not concerned about what other parents may think about getting the vaccine. Most answered that they were willing to follow their doctors’ recommendations and they have trust in vaccine manufacturers. Most women were also concerned that their daughters may get cervical cancer in the future. There was no difference in the proportion of agreeing responses between positive and negative motivating factors among the study participants (Z: 0.30, P: 0.79). This suggested that these factors could be important predictors of willingness to use vaccination on their children. Based on the crude odds ratios from the logistic regression, the likelihood of being willing to administer HPV vaccine to their children was almost twice as the knowledge score and scores on the positive attitude items increased, and was found to be statistically significant. At the same time, the odds of willingness increased by more than twice as the score on the negative attitude items decreased, and was also significant. There was no noted association for the other predictors of the association.

CONCLUSION

The role of knowledge and attitudes on the negative perceptions on the vaccine were important predictors of the willingness of mothers to have their female children vaccinated against HPV infection.

Human ; Cervical Cancer ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Human Papillomavirus ; Human Papillomavirus Viruses ; Vaccination

Objective: To determine the prevalence of HPV high risk positivity among women patients ages 30 to 65 with biopsyproven external genital warts (condyloma acuminata) specifically for HPV 16, HPV 18, and for other high risk types 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66/68, 73, and 82. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Out-Patient Services of the Philippine General Hospital involving 57 women, 30 to 65 years old, with biopsy proven external genital warts or condyloma acuminata. These women underwent human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping test for the high risk types (HR-HPV) from cervical samples using the automated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. Results: Fifteen out the 57 subjects had at least one of the HR-HPV types for an overall prevalence of 26.3%. Of the 15, 8 (53.3%) had at least 2 HR-HPV types with one subject having the most number of types at 6. Among the strains, the most common is HPV 51 and 52 each with a prevalence of 8.77% followed by HPV 53 and 59 at 7% each. HPV 16 and 18 each only had a 3.5% prevalence the same as HPV 58, 73, and 82. HR-HPV positivity was most common in the 30 to 39 age group (80%), and equally in the nulligravid and the secundigravid (40% each). None had current or past cigarettesmoking history and 33% had some form of hormonal contraception. Conclusion The overall prevalence of high risk HPV (HR-HPV) among these 57 Filipino women with external genital warts is 26.3%. The higher prevalence of HPV 51, 52, 53, and 59 over HPV 16 and 18 in this group does not follow the usual epidemiological characteristics reported about this disease.
Outpatients ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Philippines ; Papillomaviridae

BACKGROUND: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has been known to be an important factor in the development of cervical cancer. In 2006, two vaccines were made available in the Philippines, one covering two subtypes (HPV 16 and 18) and the other covers four subtypes (HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18) of the virus.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the current knowledge, attitude, and practices of obstetrics and gynecology residents from both government and private sector regarding HPV vaccination as well as determine barriers to vaccination. It also aimed to determine if there is any disparity between the private and government setting, and between residency year levels which may create a discrepancy in the vaccination coverage of their patients.

METHODS: Data will be collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The survey to be used in this study was adapted from the form used in a similar study done in Hong-Kong. The questionnaire will consist of five sections: 1) items regarding the respondents' demographics (age; sex; institution type; residency training year level; number of patients seen in a typical week; number of patients seen in a week aged 10-17, 18-26, and 27-45; number of pap smears performed in a typical week), 2) Knowledge on human papillomavirus infection, 3) Attitude towards HPV vaccine, 4) HPV vaccination practice, and 5) Perceived barriers in HPV vaccination.

RESULTS: This study found that the knowledge of residents about human papilloma virus was generally poor to fair with no significant difference between the knowledge of residents from government institutions compared to those from the private sector. Majority of the residents believe that the vaccine should be administered to 10-17 years old, prior to sexual debut and exposure to the human papilloma virus but were not able to prescribe vaccination for this age group. The perceived barriers of residents in prescribing and vaccinating their patients differ between age groups. For 10-17 years old, parental refusal for vaccinating their children is due to the notion that in doing so, their child is being singled out as being at risk for sexually transmitted diseases. For patients 18-26 years old, residents believe that their reluctance to discuss and talk about issues of sexuality are likely to hinder them from getting vaccinated. For the 27-45-year-old age group, the residents believe that the patient's belief that they do not have HPV infection is likely to hinder them being vaccinated.

CONCLUSION: Proper education and good communication skills among residents and patients should be developed to properly employ and promote vaccination.

Human ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Adolescent ; Child ; Human Papillomavirus 16 ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Papanicolaou Test ; Human Papillomavirus 6 ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Vaccination ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases