A 7-year-old female Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) at the Seoul Grand Park, Korea, died after displaying depression, anorexia, weight loss and rough skin for several days. At necropsy, a solitary friable round mass, which was approximately 12 x 9 x 5 cm and mottled dark red and yellow, was found bulging from the right hepatic lobe. Microscopically, the nonencapsulated, poorly circumscribed mass was composed of solid sheets of neoplastic hepatocytes. In addition, numerous small tan foci, ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 cm in diameter, were evenly scattered throughout the pancreatic tissue. These foci were found to be nonencapsulated, well-demarcated hyperplastic nodules of the exocrine pancreatic gland. We observed neither intrahepatic nor extrahepatic metastases. Based on the gross and microscopic changes, we diagnosed the animal as having a hepatocellular adenoma accompanied by exocrine pancreatic nodular hyperplasia.
Adenoma, Liver Cell/*pathology/*veterinary ; Animals ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Korea ; Liver Neoplasms/*pathology/*veterinary ; *Otters ; Pancreas, Exocrine/pathology

The Guillain-Barre syndrome is characterized by Bymmetrical rapidly, ascending paralysis that occasionally leads to respiratory embarrassment and death. We atudied 16 patients diagnosed as Guillain-Barre syndrome admitted to ICU at Severance Hospital from, January 1981 to April 1986. All patients were managed by respirators and 10 cases were tracheostomised. In addition to antibioticts with steroid therapy, rigid or fiheroptic bronchoscopy and plasma exchange were performed. The results were as follows ; 1) The 16 cases consist of 9 males and 7 females. 2) Prodromal symptoms were URI, fever, and gastrointestinal symptoms. 3) Diagnosis was 7ased on clinical symptoms, CSF studios and nerve conduction study. 4) Treatments included airway maintenance with ventilators, trachestomy, antibiotics with steroid therapy, rigid or fiberoptic bronchoscopy and plasma exchange. 5) Pulmonary complications (aspiration pneumonia, pneumoia, atelectasis, laryngeal ede-ma) and cardiovascular complications (hypertension, tachycardia, bradycardia, fever) were observed. However, there was no death in this group. ln conclusion, respiratory care and otter supportive therapy are of prime importance in the management of Guillain-Barre Syndorme.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bradycardia ; Bronchoscopy ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fever ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome* ; Humans ; Male ; Neural Conduction ; Otters ; Paralysis ; Plasma Exchange ; Pneumonia ; Prodromal Symptoms ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Tachycardia ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Isthmiophora hortensis (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) is a dominant echinostome in animal reservoir hosts and humans in the Republic of Korea (Korea). We intended to investigate the infection status with this echinostome species in the several species of wild animals and describe the morphological characteristics in the faunistic view point. A total of 175 animal carcasses belonging to 3 families, i.e., Canidae, Felidae and Mustelidae, were collected from the southern regions of Korea from March 2010 to July 2017. Isthmiophora spp. worms were recovered from the small intestines of each animal under a stereomicroscope after washing of intestinal contents. Isthmiophora hortensis was recovered from 4 species of wild carnivores, i.e., Nyctereutes procyonoides (3/107: 2.8%), Mustela sibirica (11/31: 35.5%), Meles lucurus (2/3: 33.3%) and Martes flavigula (1/2: 50%). The other 3 carnivores comprising stray dogs, cat and leopard cat were negative for I. hortensis infection (0/2, 0/10 and 0/12, respectively). Specimens obtained from the Lutra lutra (6/8: 75%) were identified as a distinct species, I. inermis, by morphological comparison. Isthmiophora inermis has thinner body, elongate testes and different anterior limits of vitelline fields. Detailed morphological descriptions and comparisons with the morphological characteristics are provided. Conclusively, it was confirmed for the first time that 3 species of mustelid mammals, i.e., M. sibirica, M. lucurus, and M. flavigula, are to be the new definitive hosts of I. hortensis in Korea. Additionally, I. inermis is to be newly added in the Korean echinostome fauna.
Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Canidae ; Cats ; Dogs ; Felidae ; Gastrointestinal Contents ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; Korea ; Mammals ; Mustelidae ; Otters ; Panthera ; Raccoon Dogs ; Republic of Korea ; Testis ; Vitellins

An 8-year-old female Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) reared in a wetland center, died 2 h after sudden onset of astasia and dyspnea despite medical treatment. Gross examination of internal organs revealed 10 adult filarioid nematodes in the right ventricle of the heart and three between the left and right cerebral hemispheres. All nematodes were identified as Dirofilaria immitis by direct microscopy and polymerase chain reaction assay. Histopathological observation revealed multifocal hemorrhage in the cerebral subarachnoid space and focal necrosis with hemorrhagein the cerebellar parenchyma. Although rare, veterinarians should consider cerebral dirofilariasis as a differential diagnosis in unexplained neurological cases.
Adult ; Animals ; Brain ; Cerebrum ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dirofilaria immitis ; Dirofilaria ; Dirofilariasis ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Heart ; Heart Ventricles ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Microscopy ; Necrosis ; Otters ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Subarachnoid Space ; Veterinarians ; Wetlands