Objective To investigate the influencing factors for white matter hyperintensity （WMH） in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension， and to establish and verity a nomogram prediction model. Methods A total of 198 middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension and WMH who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2022 to April 2023 were enrolled. Related clinical data were analyzed， and related data were recorded. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the independent risk factors for WMH and establish a nomogram， and the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve and the calibration curve were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the nomogram. Results Age， course of hypertension， cystatin C， homocysteine，red blood cell distribution width， and cognitive impairment were the independent influencing factors for WMH in the middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension. The nomogram established showed good diagnostic efficacy （AUC=0.815， 95% CI 0.756~0.874，P<0.001） and calibration ability （C index=0.794）. Conclusion The nomogram established in this study has a good predictive ability for moderate-to-severe WMH in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension and can provide certain help for clinical workers.
Nomograms

Objective To investigate the risk factors for early neurological deterioration in mild acute ischemic stroke，to construct a clinical predictive model，and to perform internal validation of this model. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 739 patients with mild acute ischemic stroke who were admitted to Department of Neurology，Kuntong Hospital of Zunhua，from October 2020 to December 2023，and they were randomly divided into a training set with 534 patients （72.3%） and a validation set with 205 patients （27.7%） at a ratio of 7∶3. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed for the training set to determine the risk factors for early neurological deterioration in mild acute ischemic stroke. A clinical predictive model was constructed，and internal validation was performed in terms of discriminatory ability，calibration，and clinical decision making. A nomogram was plotted. Results The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female sex （OR=1.87，95% CI 1.14~3.09，P=0.014），time window ≤6 hours （OR=3.10，95%CI 1.56~6.19，P=0.001），a baseline NIHSS score of 2 points （OR=3.72，95%CI 1.30~10.61，P=0.014），a baseline NIHSS score of 3 points （OR=4.24，95%CI 1.45~12.35，P=0.008），a TOAST classification of large artery atherosclerosis （OR=3.88，95%CI 2.20~6.83，P<0.001），and the responsible arteries of the basilar artery，the middle cerebral artery，and the internal carotid artery （OR=8.39，95%CI 2.28~30.85，P=0.001； OR=6.22，95%CI 1.78~21.71，P=0.004； OR=5.38，95%CI 1.15~25.13，P=0.032） were independent risk factors for early neurological deterioration in mild acute ischemic stroke. The clinical predictive model constructed showed a moderate discriminatory ability （AUC>0.7），good calibration （P>0.05） in the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test），and good clinical benefits in both the training set and the validation set. Conclusion This clinical predictive model can effectively predict the onset of early neurological deterioration in mild acute ischemic stroke and guide clinicians to make decisions，and therefore，it holds promise for clinical application.
Nomograms

Bed-side measurement of Vd/Vt has not been used clinically, because the measurement of Pico2 in using the Bohr equation is complicated and a time-consuming test. A new, simplified and time-saving, bed-side calculation of Vd/Vt by using the Radford nomogram has been developed. In order to verify the method of calculated Vd/Vt, we compared the two methods(measured versus calculated Vd/Vt) in 20 open heart patients. Two methods had direct correlationship(y=0.95X+0.04) with r=0.864, and so the authors considered that the calculating method in the measurement of Vd/Vt is advantageous in clinical use.
Heart ; Humans ; Nomograms

Sixteen normal subjects were tested with the Titmus stereotest varying the binocular Snellen's visual acuity from 1.0 to 0.2. From 15 possible combinations, a nomogram describing the relationship of binocular variations of Snellen's visual acuity and stereoacuity was constructed and the relationship of binocular isoacuities to Titmus stereotest performance was expressed as an S-shaped function.
Nomograms ; Telescopes ; Visual Acuity*

The uroflowmetry was accurate, noninvasive method in the assessment of infravesical obstruction, but it was difficult to differentiate normal from obstructed individuals. The use of the flow rate nomogram appeared to differentiate reliably normal from obstructed individuals. The uroflowmetries using flow rate nomogram which was previously reported by our hospital, were performed on 35 BPH patients, 12 patients preoperatively and postoperatively (Group I) and 23 patients postoperatively only due to preoperative urinary retention (Group 2). The following results were obtained. 1. In group 1, the mean preoperative maximal flow rate was 9.4 (ml/sec) and the mean postoperative maximal flow rate was 15.3 (ml/sec). 2. In group 2, the mean postoperative maximal flow rate was 18.3 (ml/sec) 3. In group 1, nine of twelve patients (75%) were improved in the maximal flow rate. But six of twelve patients (50% ) were improved in the flow rate nomogram. 4. In group 2, fourteen of twenty-three patients (70%) were improved in the flow rate nomogram. In summary, this study shows much difference in the results between maximal flow rate and flow nomogram. So uroflowmetry using flow rate nomogram, we consider, will show more objective result in the evaluation of prostatectomized patient.
Humans ; Nomograms* ; Prostatectomy* ; Urinary Retention

The Korean 218 normal eyes, 74 myopic eyes and 42 glaucomatous eyes were examined. The intraocular pressure were measured by Goldmann applanation tonometer and Schiotz indentation tonometer using the 5.5 gm plunger load successively. The occular rigidity was estimated from Friedenwald 1955 nomogram. In normal eyes, the average coefficient of ocular rigidity was 0.0221 (standard deviation 0.0058, range 0.0032~0.0370). There was a statistically significant increase with age. It was higher in males than in females. But there was no statistically significant difference between sex. In myopic eyes. the average coefficient of ocular rigidity was 0.0189. There was an increase with refractive power but it was not statistically significant. In glaucomatous eyes. the average coefficient of ocular rigidity was 0.0181 in the medication-treated group and 0.0163 in the operated group. They were significantly lower than in normal eyes statistically. But there was no significant differance between medication-treated and operated groups.
Female ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Nomograms

An accurate system for predicting the survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) will be useful for selecting appropriate therapies. A nomogram for predicting survival was constructed from 96 patients with primary OSCC who underwent surgical resection between January 1994 and June 2003 at the Yonsei Dental Hospital in Seoul, Korea. We performed univariate and multivariate Cox regression to identify survival prognostic factors. For the early stage patients group, the nomogram was able to predict the 5 and 10 year survival from OSCC with a concordance index of 0.72. The total point assigned by the nomogram was a significant factor for predicting survival. This nomogram was able to accurately predict the survival after treatment of an individual patient with OSCC and may have practical utility for deciding adjuvant treatment.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Humans ; Korea ; Nomograms

PURPOSE: Peak urinary flow rate is a widely used parameter in the diagnosis and evaluation of treatment erect of BPH because of its objectiveness and non-in vasiveness. The peak urinary flow rate, however is different with each voided volume in the same patient and tends to decrease even in an asymptomatic man with increasing ages. Therefore we need an adjusted peak urinary flow rate corresponding with the age and voided volume. This adjusted peak urinary flow rate can be used to evaluate the voiding function more easily in the same patient periodically or In the different patient of various voided volume and ages. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data on age, volume voided and peak urinary flow rate were accumulated from 216 male aged from 10 to 80 who were free of voiding symptoms. All combinations of peak urinary flow rate, age and volume voided were tested for equation of bet fit by the least squares method with search for the equation providing least residual standard deviation with SAS package. RESULTS: When the peak urinary flow rate is defined as a function of age and voided volume, the equation is Q=35.01+0.086A-0.0031A2-1612/V(Q: peak urinary flow rate, A: age, V: voided volume). At the point of population means for volume voided(247.5ml) arid age(35.2) the reference peak urinary flow rate was 27.7m1/sec. Adjusted peak flow rate can be obtained by subtracting the difference between the measured and expected peak flow rate(expected minus measured) from the reference peak flow rate. To make the adjusted peak flow rate obtained easily with measured peak flow rate, age and voided volume nomogram that incorporates the equation has been designed. In our nomogram an adjusted peak flow rate < 19.9 ml/sec or > 1.3 standard deviation below mean should be considered suspicious for obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Nomogram for adjusted peak flow rate that incorporates the age, voided volume and measured peak flow rate would be satisfactory for clinical use.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Male* ; Nomograms

The flow rate nomogram was based on 204 flow rate measurements in l65 Korean normal men who ranged in age from 20 to 45 years. Using this nomogram, we tested 10 patients with clinically evident outflow obstruction by flowmetry. In 9 of the maximal flow measurements, the nomogram values were less than minus Z standard deviations. The maximal flow rate value after prostatectomy increased an average 2.41 standard deviations. (p=0.006) The use of flow rate nomogram appears to differentiate reliably normal from obstructed individuals and also is highly useful in the postoperative follow up of urinary outflow obstruction.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male* ; Nomograms* ; Prostatectomy ; Rheology

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to verify the correlation between gestational sac volume (GSV) from automatic tracing mode the VOCAL-imaging program and gestational age and to construct the nomogram of gestational sac volume as the new biometric parameter in early pregnancy. METHODS: The cross-sectional study has been conducted in 242 uncomplicated singleton pregnancies. 47 cases were excluded due to early pregnancy failure, fetal malformations, elective abortion, age discrepancy, etc. In 195 uncomplicated singleton pregnancies from 5 to 12 weeks' menstrual age, gestational sac volume, mean sac diameter and crown-lump length were measured for the assessment of gestational age. Gestational sac volumetry was carried out with automatic method and manual method of the VOCALTM (Virtual Organ Computer- aided AnaLysis) for the comparison between two methods. The collected data were analyzed for mean, standard deviation, 90% reference interval, 5th, 50th and 95th percentiles of gestational sac volume, mean sac diameter and CRL, and the nomogram were constructed. RESULTS: Polynomial regression analysis demonstrated the statistically significant positive correlation between gestational age and gestational sac volume by automatic tracing mode (R2 0.826, p<0.001), gestational sac volume by manual tracing mode (R2 0.844, p<0.0001), mean sac diameter (R2 0.763, p<0.0001) and crown-lump length (R2 0.950, p<0.0001). The 5th, 50th and 95th percentiles of the gestational sac volume were calculated and the nomogram was tabulated. In determining gestational age, the standard deviation (SD) of gestational sac volume by automatic tracing mode is 5.6 days, the SD of gestational sac volume by manual tracing mode is 5.2 days and the SD of MSD is 6.6 days. CONCLUSION: we can conclude that three-dimensional GSV with automatic tracing mode of the VOCAL-imaging program can be used as the new biometric measurement in determining gestational age. Gestational sac volumetry with automatic tracing mode of the VOCAL-imaging program have been proven available and convenient method and it can be recommended in 5-7 weeks' of gestation, when CRL is not clearly visualized.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Gestational Age* ; Gestational Sac* ; Nomograms ; Pregnancy