No abstract available.
Animals ; Mice*

Recently there is increasing tendency of the nosocomial infection, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important and common pathogens causing hospital opportunistic infections with rapid emergence of resistant strain especially in immunologically compromised patients. An experimental study for the effects of polyvalent Pseudomonas vaccine was performed in an animal model of Pseudomonas sepsis on a survival rates and histopathological points of view-using ICR inbred mice. The vaccine was prepared with heat killed whole cells of the 10 representative serotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which were isolated from the Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University and Seoul National University, and they were devided into two polyvalent vaccine groups. The animal model of the Pseudomonas sepsis was deveoped by intravenous inoculation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (serotype F, inoculum size 100 microliter, 109 cells/ml), immediately after cutaneous burns. The results were as follows. 1) The survival rate of the immune mice was 100% and that of non-immune mice was 60%. 2) The histologic findings of lung of the non-immune mice were severe congestion (18/18 mice), hemorrhage (18/18 mice), emphysematous change (18/18 mice), thrombosis (9/18 mice), infarction (9/18 mice) and inflammation (6/18 mice) and those of the immune mice were only congestion (6/20 mice) and focal emphysematous change (2/20) from the 3 day experimental group. 3) The histologic findings of the liver in the non-immune mice were severe congestion, Kupffer cell mobilization, focal necrosis, & portal inflammation in most of them, and from 7 day experimental group there were noted infiltrations of lagre histiocytic cells in sinusoids, and those in the immune mice were only reactive change of varying degree. 4) The histologic findings of the spleen in the non-immune mice were severe reactive hyperplasia in all and ischemic necrosis in about half of them, and those in the immune mice were only reactive change. 5) The histologic findings of the heart in the non-immune mice were severe congestion and inflammation in most and in the immune mice were only occasional nonspecific congestion. 6) The histologic findings of the kidney in the non-immune mice were severe congestion in all, interstitial inflammation, acute tubular necrosis and cortical necrosis in about half of them, and those in the immune mice were only mild congestion. With the above results, we can suspect there is a significant protective effects of the polyvalent pseudomonas vaccine on the pseudomonas sepsis in ICR mice.
Mice ; Animals

Studying the effectiveness of irradiation on bone-marrow, the numbers of leukocyte, erythrocyte, hemoglobin of mice (25 normal mice and 35 mice treated by gamma irradiation with the dose of 600 rad/(100rad/day) (60 Co) showed that: Gamma irradiation reduced total of leucocytes, the number of different leucocytic (lymphocyte, granulocyte, mono and natural killer cells), the ratio of reticulocyte, number of mature erythrocyte and hemoglobin: Total of leucocytes (3,14 ± 1,58 in comparison with 13,45 ± 4,6); monocytes (0,05 ± 0,03 in comparison with 0,26 ± 0,13), lymphocytes (1,66 ± 0,36 in comparison with 6,34 ± 2,84). After gamma irradiation, the number of reticulocyte was 55%, mature erythrocyte was 73% and hemoglobin was 82%
Therapeutics ; Mice

Viral myocarditis is considered an important cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. At preseent, two mechanisms are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis and subse-quent cardiomyopathy: viral direct toxicity and immune mediated toxicity. Some authors have reported that IL-6 influences the immunologic mechanism and the virus-induced tissue damage in myocarditis. We injected encephalomyocarditis(EMC) virus to induce viral myocarditis in ICR mice. In order to study the lymphocyte subset and IL-6 expression to clarify the immune mechanism and to demonstrate the role of IL-6 in viral induced myocardial damage. The following results were obtained: 1) In virus inoculated mice, inflammation was severest at 10 days, and some serious complications developed, indicating a possible transition to dilated cardiomyopathy. 2) On analysis of the lymphocyte subset, CD4 cells were most prevalent at 5 days and CD8 cells were most prevalent at 10 and 20 days. 3) IL-6 was significantly increased and expression of IL-6 was constant, but its intensity was strongest at 5 days. In conclusion, IL-6, produced by inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, might play an important role in myocardial damage in experimentally induced EMC viral myocarditis by its direct cytotoxicity or cytokine mediated activation of cytotoxic cells.
Mice ; Animals

No abstract available.
Animals ; Mice*

It has been thought that autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus and rhumatoid athritis are closely associated with anti-DNA antibodies (Abs). In studies of the control for anti-DNA Ab generation, an understanding of the regulatory mechanisms by anti-idiotypic Abs that influence the production of anti- DNA Abs would be facillitated by the availability of the hybridomas producing the pairs of DNA-specific and anti-DNA's idiotope-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). We have produced a series of anti-DNA mAbs and then monoclonal anti-idiotypic Ab directed against idiotypic determinant of the 3D8 mAb that has the highest affinity to dsDNA and ssDNA among the anti-DNA mABs that we had obtained. The spleen cells of the MRL-Ipr/Ipr, autoimmune prone, mice were fused with P3X63Ag8.653 myeioma cells to obtain anti-DNA Ab secreting hybridomas. Out of the fourteen clones that showed strong binding to ssDNA, four clones had cross-reactivity with dsDNA whereas none of these clones reacted with left-handed z-DNA. The binding activities of the anti-DNA mAbs to various synthetic polynucleotide sequences were different respectively. Anti-idiotypic mAbs were generated by the fusion of myeloma cells and spleen cells from the Balb/c mice immunized with 3DB-Fab. We have produced two anti-idiotypic mAbs, B7 (IgG2a/k) and 02F3 (IgM/k), which were specific to 3DB-Fab and cloned the variable region of the heavy chain from the 02F3 hybridoma.
Mice ; Animals

PURPOSE: To investigate synergistic effect of local cryoablation with systemic immunotherapy, the tumor control ability and immunologic responses of combining these two modalities was compared with that of cryoablation, surgical excision, and immunotherapy only group in a tumor re-challenge model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Preliminary experiments were performed in two stages. The first stage consisted of 36 Balb/c mice with Renca bearing tumors imbedded in the right thigh, and was treated with interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-alpha(IFN-alpha) to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy and to determine the adequate dosage. The second stage was performed on 10 mice, to evaluate histological changes and efficacy after cryoablation. The main experiment was performed on 48 mice, divided into 6 groups of control with tumor implantation, excision of tumor, excision combined with immunotherapy, cryoablation of tumor, cryoablation with immunotherapy and control without tumor. After treatment, tumor re-challenge was performed with Renca cell, then the growth pattern was evaluated with physical measurements, and immune response was investigated with fluorescent activated cell sorter and cytotoxicity assay. RESULTS: Preliminary studies on immunologic efficacy revealed that IL-2 and IFN-alpha have a dose dependent inhibition of tumor growth. The main experiment evaluating the efficacy of combination treatment revealed that cryoablation with immunotherapy proved to be most effective in terms of tumor recurrence and tumor growth inhibition, yet the difference was not statistically significant from monotherapy with cryoablation. However, cytotoxicity was significantly increased cryoablation with immunotherapy compared with other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Cryoablation on tumor re-challenge mice model showed advantages with immunotherapy most prominently in cytotoxicity.
Mice ; Animals

The interaction of radiation and 5-luorouracil (5-U) on mouse jejunal crypt cells was studied using the microcolony survival assay. 150mg/kg of 5-U was injected intraperitoneally 15 minutes before irradiation and 6 hours after irradiation. Jejunal crypt cells of mouse survived more when 5-U was given 15 minutes before irradiation than giving it 6 hours after irradiation. The mean lethal doses (Do) of each of irradiation alone group, 5-U injection group of 15 minutes preceding irradiation, and 5-U injection group of 6 hours post irradiation were. 135, 135, and 114 rad respectively. The dose effect factor (DEF) of each of 5-U injection groups of 15 minutes preceding irradiation and of 6 hours post irradiation were 1.13 and 1.27.
Animals ; Mice*

PURPOSE: Oral mucositis induced by radiotherapy to the head and neck area, is a common acute complication and is considered as the most severe symptom for cancer patients in the early stages of treatment. This study was proposed to establish the oral mucositis mouse model induced by a single dose of radiation for the facility of testing therapeutic candidates which can be used for the oral mucositis treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-five BALB/c mice were divided into four groups: control, 16 Gy, 18 Gy, and 20 Gy. Oral mucositis was induced by a single dose of radiation to the head and neck using 6 MV x-Ray from linear accelerator. After irradiation, body weight and physical abnormalities were checked daily. Tongue tissues from all groups were taken on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 14, respectively and H&E staining was conducted to examine morphological changes. RESULTS: Body weight dramatically decreased after day 5 in all irradiated mice. In the 16 Gy treatment group, body weight was recovered on day 14. The histology data showed that the thickness of the epithelial cell layer was decreased by the accumulated time after radiation treatment, up to day 9. Severe ulceration was revealed on day 9. CONCLUSION: A single dose of 16 Gy is sufficient dose to induce oral mucositis in Balb/C mice. Significant changes were observed in the Balb/C mice on days 7 and 9 after radiation. It is suggested that this mouse model might be a useful standard tool for studying oral mucositis induced by radiation.
Mice ; Animals

No abstract available.
Animals ; Mice*