Cysts of accessory lacrimal gland are rare. They are generally retension cysts that result from obstruction of the excretory duct and are found between the palpebral conjunctiva and the levator aponeurosis. We experienced three cases of subconjunctival cyst in the upper fornix. Histopathological examination showed the cysts lined by two layers and occasionally one layer of epithelium. These cysts seem to be originated from Krause's gland, considering their anatomical location and histopathological findings.
Conjunctiva* ; Epithelium ; Lacrimal Apparatus

The medical literature contains few reports of ectopic lacrimal gland. Ectopic lacrimal gland has been observed in the eye and in various sites in the ocular adnexa. The authors had experienced one case of ectopic lacrimal gland in the super olateral side of orbit. The authors report this case with the review of literatures.
Lacrimal Apparatus* ; Orbit*

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma ; Lacrimal Apparatus

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma ; Lacrimal Apparatus

PURPOSE: The correspondence between the canaliculus irrigation test, dacryocystography, and Jones test in patients with epiphora was investigated. METHODS: The study included 494 eyes of 359 patients who complained of epiphora and underwent both canaliculus irrigation test and dacryocystography from May 2001 to March 2006. Sixty-eight eyes from 34 patients diagnosed with functional lacrimal duct obstruction took Jones tests. Factors such as age, sex, duration of epiphora, and site of obstruction were analyzed in terms of correspondence of the tests. RESULTS: Between the canaliculus irrigation test and dacryocystography, correspondent rate was 55%. Correspondence had no relation to patient age, sex, duration of epiphora, or site of obstruction. Between Jones test and dacryocystography, the correspondent rate was 47%. Factors affecting the correspondences were not significantly found. CONCLUSIONS: A canaliculus irrigation test can give useful information with high correspondence rate of dacryocystography in the case of 'not pass' or 'pass without regurgitation'. Therefore dacryocystography should be utilized in "pass with regurgitation" cases by canaliculus irrigation test.
Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases* ; Lacrimal Duct Obstruction

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare contrast dacryocystography with lacrimal dacryo-scintigraphy in correlation with epiphora, superiority in localization of the site of obstruction and discomfort of partient during procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Lacrimal dacryoscintigraphy and contrast dacryocystography were performed in 200 lacrimal drainage systems in 100 patients who were referred to our hospital with epiphora since January, 1993. RESULTS: Lacrimal dacryoscintigraphy showed 88% in correlation with epiphora, 90% in positive predictive value and 74% in negative predictive value. Contrast dacryocystography showed 72% in correlation with epiphora, 97% in positive predictive value and 60% in negative predictive value. Contrast dacryocystography was superior to lacrimal dacryoscintigraphy in localization of the site of the obstruction because of limitation of resolution of 6mm pin hole collimator. But discomfort of patient was variable and severe on contrast dacryocystography. CONCLUSION: When obstruction is suspected, we recommend the lacrimal dacryoscintigraphy as initial radio-graphic study. If adequate information is not available and confirmation is necessary, contrast dacryo-cystography should be done in next step. Inspite of patient symptom, if finding of contrast dacryocystography is normal, lacrimal dacryoscintigraphy should be performed to exclude functional obstruction.
Drainage ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare contrast dacryocystography with lacrimal dacryo-scintigraphy in correlation with epiphora, superiority in localization of the site of obstruction and discomfort of partient during procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Lacrimal dacryoscintigraphy and contrast dacryocystography were performed in 200 lacrimal drainage systems in 100 patients who were referred to our hospital with epiphora since January, 1993. RESULTS: Lacrimal dacryoscintigraphy showed 88% in correlation with epiphora, 90% in positive predictive value and 74% in negative predictive value. Contrast dacryocystography showed 72% in correlation with epiphora, 97% in positive predictive value and 60% in negative predictive value. Contrast dacryocystography was superior to lacrimal dacryoscintigraphy in localization of the site of the obstruction because of limitation of resolution of 6mm pin hole collimator. But discomfort of patient was variable and severe on contrast dacryocystography. CONCLUSION: When obstruction is suspected, we recommend the lacrimal dacryoscintigraphy as initial radio-graphic study. If adequate information is not available and confirmation is necessary, contrast dacryo-cystography should be done in next step. Inspite of patient symptom, if finding of contrast dacryocystography is normal, lacrimal dacryoscintigraphy should be performed to exclude functional obstruction.
Drainage ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the internal ostium and lacrimal sac change after external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) using digital subtraction dacryocystography (DCG). METHODS: Between May 2003 and July 2004, digital subtraction DCG was performed to assess the ostium and lacrimal sac 6 months after external DCR in 48 patients (n=50 eyes). RESULTS: The lacrimal sac had reformed in 45 (90%) eyes. Mean ostium size was 2.4 mm (0.5~6.1 mm) and these were located at the inferior part of the reformed sac in 39 eyes (78%). Patients with a fistula-type internal ostium, of which the lacrimal sac had not reformed, often complained of epiphora (p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Digital subtraction DCG showed successful anatomic changes in the distal lacrimal pathway and confirmed that the internal ostium contracts into a relatively small ostium after DCR. A fistula-type internal ostium may explain the pathophysiology of functional failure after successful DCR.
Dacryocystorhinostomy* ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases

Epiphora is one of the most common problems in ophthalmological practice, and is caused by dysfunction of the lacrimal pathway. The lacrimal drainage system is a continuous anatomical structure consisting of the lacrimal punctum, inferior and superior canaliculi, common canaliculus, lacrimal sac, and nasolacrimal duct. Lacrimal disease can be medically treated in case of acute inflammation or partial obstruction at the beginning of treatment, but surgical treatment is necessary in most cases. This paper discusses the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of various lacrimal diseases through a selective review of the relevant literature. Advances in lacrimal duct surgery can now be performed in such a way that the structural integrity and normal physiological function of the entire efferent lacrimal pathway is preserved.
Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Diagnosis ; Drainage* ; Inflammation ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Lacrimal Duct Obstruction ; Nasolacrimal Duct

The purpose of this study was to estimate average lacrimal gland size on computed tomography in korean. The subjects were 137 Koreans who were checked orbital CT in Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine from June 1990 to August 1994. The average width of lacrimal gland was 17.15 +/- 1.75mm, A-P length was 9.81 +/- 1.65mm and thickness was 4.57 +/- 0.99mm. The average width, A-P length and thickness of lacrimal gland were not statistically different between males and females(p>0.05).
Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus* ; Male ; Ophthalmology ; Orbit*