OBJECTIVES: The results of elastic imaging in evaluating the function and histopathological changes of allogeneic renal transplantation are contradictory, one of the important reasons may be that there are differences in human parameters related to kidney transplantation among individuals. The purpose of this study is to explore the related human body parameters on shear-wave elastography (SWE) effects on quantitative stiffness of graft cortex. METHODS: From March 2021 to November 2021, a total of 63 patients with allogeneic kidney transplantation in the Department of Ultrasonography, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, were selected to collect the parameters of two-dimensional, color Doppler and SWE. The subjects were divided into a <20% group and a 20%-30% group according to the variation of cortical hardness measurement. Mann Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in relevant human parameters, and Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between relevant human parameters and cortical hardness of transplanted kidney. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in age, sex, postoperative time, resistance index of interlobar artery, SCr, blood uric acid, ratio of fat layer to muscle layer, and BMI (all P>0.05). Compared with the <20% group, the patients in the 20%-30% group had smaller cortical hardness of the transplanted kidney, greater total distance between the transplanted kidney and the skin surface, and thicker fat layer or muscle layer in front of the transplanted kidney (all P<0.05). The age of patients, the total distance from the transplanted kidney to the skin surface, the thickness of fat layer and muscle layer, the ratio of fat layer to muscle layer, BMI, and the variation of cortical hardness were significantly negatively correlated with the cortical hardness of the transplanted kidney (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Human parameters relevant to kidney transplantation affect the accuracy of SWE in measuring the cortical hardness of the transplanted kidney. It is very important to obtain the highly stabile elastic measurement value and interpret the elastic measurement results according to different levels of human body related parameters in combination with individual conditions.
Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques/methods* ; Kidney ; Ultrasonography/methods* ; Transplantation, Homologous

No abstract available.
Humans ; Immunosuppression ; *Kidney Transplantation/methods ; *Pancreas Transplantation/methods ; Patient Selection ; Treatment Outcome

We report here a case of a kidney transplant recipient in whom the ureter was initially implanted into the peritoneum. Excessive ultrafiltration volume and reversal of serum vs dialysate creatinine ratio when the patient was recommenced on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis first suggested the diagnosis which was subsequently confirmed by a plain abdominal x-ray demonstrating placement of ureteric stent in the peritoneum. This rare complication was successfully corrected with surgical re-implantation of ureter into the bladder and 5 years later, the patient remains well with good graft function.
Cadaver ; Kidney Transplantation/*methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Reoperation ; Replantation ; Ureter/*surgery

Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; methods ; mortality ; Prognosis

Transplantation of the horseshoe kidney can be performed en bloc or split into 2 grafts according to the vascular anomaly and the existence of the urinary collecting system in isthmus. From 2011 to 2014, there were 3 horseshoe kidney transplantations in Korea and transplantations were performed at 2 different centers. The transplantations were carried out successfully for all recipients without complications. All recipients have shown good graft kidney function after transplantation. No severe complication was revealed during follow-up period. We described the surgical technique used in the en bloc method to overcome various vascular anomalies and difficulties in choosing cannulation site and postoperative complications. En bloc transplantation of a horseshoe kidney is a useful strategy for patients with end-stage renal disease, and can provide favorable outcomes compared to the transplantation of a normal kidney.
Catheterization ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fused Kidney* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney Transplantation ; Korea* ; Methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Transplants

OBJECTIVESTo simplify the enteric drainage (ED) procedure and to decrease surgical and metabolic complications in simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) patients.

METHODSBetween June 2000 and June 2002, nine patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and uremia underwent simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. The arterial inflow of the pancreas was based upon the right external iliac artery, while venous drainage was systemic via the external iliac vein. The allografts' exocrine secretions were drained into the proximal jejunum via a two-layer hand sewn, side-to-side donor duodenum to proximal small bowel anastomosis after reperfusion. No Roux-en-Y an astomosis of the jejunum was performed. The kidney graft was placed in the left iliac fossa. Quadruple immunosuppressive therapy with antilymphocyte globulin or anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody (Zenapax), tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and steroids was standard treatment in all patients.

RESULTSThis procedure was successfully applied in all 9 patients without complication referable to the technique. All patients had achieved euglycemia and excellent renal function, and stopped being dependent on an external insulin source. Fasting serum glucose fell from 9.5 preoperatively to 4.8 mmol/L and remained stable thereafter. At the time this paper was written, the grafts from eight patients were functioning well.

CONCLUSIONSOur primary experience suggests that SPK with ED without Roux-en-Y anastomosis represents a more physiologic milieu, and a viable alternation to replace the bladder (BD) as the primary route of drainage for exocrine secretions of the pancreas. It is a feasible and safer procedure.

Adult ; Amylases ; blood ; Drainage ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin ; blood ; Intestines ; Kidney Transplantation ; methods ; Male ; Pancreas Transplantation ; methods

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develop an Empowerment Education Program (EEP) for kidney transplant patients and to test the program's effects on uncertainty, self-care ability, and compliance. METHODS: The research was conducted using a nonequivalent control group with a pretest-posttest design. The participants were 53 outpatients (experimental group: 25, control group: 28) who were receiving hospital treatment after kidney transplants. After the pre-test, patients in the experimental group underwent a weekly EEP for six weeks. The post-test was conducted immediately after, and four weeks after the program's completion in the same manner as the pre-test. For the control group, we conducted a post-test six and ten weeks after the pre-test, without and program intervention. A repeated measure ANOVA was performed to compare the change scores on main outcomes. RESULTS: Uncertainty was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group, both immediately after (t=-3.84, p=<.001) and 4 weeks after (t=-4.51 p=<.001) the program, whereas self-care ability (t=5.81, p=<.001), (t=5.84, p=<.001) and compliance (t=5.07, p=<.001), (t=5.45, p=<.001) were significantly higher. CONCLUSION: Kidney transplant patients who underwent an EEP showed a decrease in uncertainty and an improvement in self-care ability and compliance. Thus, our findings confirmed that an EEP can be an independent intervention method for improving and maintaining the health of kidney transplant patients.
Compliance ; Education* ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Kidney* ; Methods ; Outpatients ; Patient Compliance ; Power (Psychology)* ; Self Care ; Uncertainty

BACKGROUNDOrgan preservation keeps the quality of the organs under prolonged ischemia. Continuous machine perfusions are gaining an important position in clinical research and practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of continuous hypothermic machine perfusion transport system (AirdriveTM) on cold ischemic injury of canine kidney.

METHODSTen kidneys of five healthy preserving canines were taken out after general anesthesia. Five kidneys were stored using common cold preservation (CCP group) by immersing it in the organ preservation solution, mixed with water and ice, and kept in a cold room at 4°C. The other five kidneys were stored using continuous machine perfusion preservation (CMP group) and were placed into the Airdrive(TM) continuous machine perfusion device at room temperature. The renal tissues were examined by histopathology, electron microscopy, and mitochondrial activity check at different time points.

RESULTSHistologic sections showed that the structures of the ten renal tissues were similar during the first 24 hours. After 48 hours, the CCP group showed more pronounced changes, as the renal tubular epithelial cells were more obvious than those in the glomeruli. Oxygen consumption rate of state III and IV respiration in the CCP group decreased after 12-48 hours and increased at 48 hours, respectively, when compared to the CMP group (P < 0.05). Cortex respiratory control ratio and phosphorus oxygen ratio were significantly higher in the CMP group at 48 hours.

CONCLUSIONWith prolonged storage time, the effect of continuous hypothermic machine perfusion transport system is better than that of common cold preservation on canine kidney.

Animals ; Dogs ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Organ Preservation ; methods ; Organ Preservation Solutions

The prevalence of renal disease continues to increase worldwide. When normal kidney is injured, the damaged renal tissue undergoes pathological and physiological events that lead to acute and chronic kidney diseases, which frequently progress to end stage renal failure. Current treatment of these renal pathologies includes dialysis, which is incapable of restoring full renal function. To address this issue, cell-based therapy has become a potential therapeutic option to treat renal pathologies. Recent development in cell therapy has demonstrated promising therapeutic outcomes, in terms of restoration of renal structure and function impaired by renal disease. This review focuses on the cell therapy approaches for the treatment of kidney diseases, including various cell sources used, as well recent advances made in preclinical and clinical studies.
Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy/*methods ; Fetal Stem Cells/transplantation ; Humans ; Kidney/cytology ; Kidney Diseases/*therapy ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/transplantation ; Stem Cell Transplantation/methods

This paper summarizes the current literature on the potential therapeutic role of stem cell transplantation for kidney injury and repair and focuses on the choice of types of stem cells, the method of transplantation, and the mechanisms of stem cell homing to injured renal tissues and its protective effects. The application of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) shows wide prospects, but the approach and optimal dose of cell transplantation are under intensive investigation. Signals that regulate stem cell homing to injured renal tissues may be related to chemokines or factors released in the target site. Several studies have pointed out that paracrine and endocrine of stem cells are the most likely mechanism of action in the injured nephron. Many questions remain unanswered but stem cell-based therapy is a promising new strategy for acute and chronic kidney diseases.
Animals ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; therapy ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods