No abstract available.
Hospitals, Teaching* ; Prospective Studies*

The work suggested in this paper addresses a method for collecting beam data for small circular fields. Beam data were obtained from Philips 6 and 8 MV LINAC at Dept. Radiation Therapy at Gainesville Incorporated and Shands Teaching Hospital. Specific quantities measured include tissue maximum ratio (TMR), off-axis ration (OAR) and relative output factor (ROF). In small field irradiation, special collimators were used to produce circular fields of 1 cm to 3 cm diameter in 2 mm steps, measured at SAD (soura axis distance) of 100 cm. Diode detector was chosen for primary beam measurement and compared with measurements made with photographic film and TLD dosimeters. The measured TMRs and OARs were formulated from limited measurements to generate basic beam data for reference set-up. The empirical formula were later, extended and generalized for any possible set-up using the trends of fitting parameters. The measured TMRs and OARs were well represented by the fitting formula developed.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Particle Accelerators*

PURPOSE: to measure the nurses need for the Hospital Information System(HIS) and identify the change of nurses' attitude toward computerization in pre and post HIS implementation. METHOD: Prospective survey using repeated measures design. The subjects were 166 nurses working at surgical units in a tertiary and teaching hospital. Questionnaire was developed by researchers based on the Stronge and Brodt s study (1985). Cronbach' s coefficient was 0.80. RESULT: Nurses' attitudes toward computerization were positive in pre and post Hospital Information Systems. Favorable attitude of staff nurses significantly increased after computerization. Those who were higher position, highly educated, and working longer at their hospital had more favorable attitude toward computerization. Nurses wanted a computerization of works related to laboratory tests and order check most. After computerization, nurses evaluated works related to laboratory tests and order most convenient. CONCLUSION: Appropriate reflection of nurses' need on computerization improved their favorableness towards computerization.
Hospital Information Systems* ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Awareness ; Curriculum ; Hospitals, Teaching ; India ; Tertiary Healthcare

No abstract available.
Hospitals, Teaching* ; Internal Medicine* ; Internship and Residency*

PURPOSE: The creation and maintainance of radiology teaching materials is both laborious and very time-consuming but at a teaching hospital is important. Through use of the technology offered by today's worldwide web, this problem can be efficiently solved, and on this basis, we divised a multimedia radiology self-learning course for abdominal ultrasound and CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A combination of video and audio tapes has been used as teaching material; the authors digitized and converted these to Hypertext Mark-up Language(HTML) format. Films were digitized with a digital camera and compressed to Joint Photographic Expert Group (JPEG) format, while audio tapes were digitized with a sound recorder and compressed to Real Audio format. RESULTS: The self-learning course for abdominal ultrasound consists of 14 steps, and that for abdominal CT, 19 steps. Both provide images, voice anrrations, and related texts and graphics. The learner can navigate the course at his/her own speed, repeating or skipping any part, as required. CONCLUSION: 'Multimedia on the Worldwide Web' will facilitate easy management and maintenauce of a self-learning course. To make this more suitable for practical use, continual upgrading on the basis of experience is needed.
Hospitals, Teaching ; Hypermedia ; Internet* ; Joints ; Multimedia* ; Teaching Materials ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Voice

Clinical Competence ; Education, Medical, Continuing ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Singapore ; Societies, Medical ; Teaching

PURPOSE: Delivering bad news (DBN) to a patient or patient's family is one of the most difficult tasks for physicians. As a complicated task, DBN requires better than average communication skills. This study investigated trainee's attitude and awareness of DBN based on a self-assessment of their experiences and performance in practice. Survey subjects were also asked to assess their perception and the need for education in conducting DBN. METHODS: A survey was carried out on their experiences with DBN, how they currently deal such situations, how they perceive such situations and the need for education and training programs. A SPIKES protocol was used to assess how they currently deal with DBN. RESULTS: One hundred one residents and fellows being trained in a teaching hospital participated in the survey. Around 30% had bad experiences due to improperly delivered bad news to a patient. In terms of self-assessment of how to do DBN, over 80% of trainees assessed that they were doing DBN properly to patients, using a SPIKE protocol. As for how they perceived DBN, 90% of trainees felt more than the average level of stress when they do DBN. About 80% of trainees believed that education and training is much needed during their residency program for adequate skill development regarding DBN. CONCLUSION: We suggest that education and training on DBN may be needed for trainees during the residency program, so that they could avoid unnecessary conflict with patients and reduce stress from DBN.
Disclosure ; Education ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Self-Assessment

PURPOSE: The following study was performed to compare basic life support (BLS) skills and knowledge over a 6 months interval in preclinical medical students. METHODS: Upon initial instruction, 112 first-year medical students at a teaching hospital were given instructions in BLS, their knowledge performance was evaluated by written test and skills test via checklist designed by instructors and PC SkillReporting System(R) (Laerdal, Norway). Their performance was re-evaluated 6 months after initial BLS training in an identical fashion. Evaluation was performed on 103 out of 112 students who had taken initial BLS training. RESULTS: The results of written test showed that the students evaluated right after taking initial BLS training have better knowledge of BLS compared to students evaluated 6 months after taking initial BLS training (p<0.001). Results of skills test evaluated by checklist showed decrease in adequate performance of students evaluated 6 months after BLS education in 12 out of 18 items compared to students who have just received initial BLS training. The decreases were statistically significant in 6 items. Total scores after 6months were also lower compared with initial scores (p<.0.001). The results of the skills test using PC Skill Reporting System(R) demonstrated that the percentage of adequate ventilation volume, compression rate, hands-off time, and hand position were each 18.4%, 46.6%, 47.6%, 84.2% initially and 5.8%, 32.0%, 32.0%, 76.1% at 6 months after initial training. Students performed significantly worse 6 months post training in 4 out of 7 items (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Knowledge and skills of preclinical medical students decreased significantly after a 6 month period compared to knowledge and skills after initial training. Therefore, retraining of BLS is required within 6 months, but more study is required to determine appropriate intervals and methods of retraining.
Checklist ; Education, Medical ; Hand ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Students, Medical ; Ventilation

BACKGROUND: In Korea, there has been a few medical studies on the relationship between religion and health. In future, active research is anticipated in this area. However, the validity and methods of performing religious inquiry should be tested beforehand. This study was designed to look into the attitudes of patients about religious inquiries by their physicians and to suggest better methods of religious approach to aid future researches on the effect of religion on health. METHODS: A survey was performed on the religious attitude among 177 patients among which 92 were randomly selected from an outpatient clinic of tertiary teaching hospitals and 85 from two local family practice offices on August, 2002. x2 test was used to verify the difference of results between the subgroups. RESULTS: As a whole, more than half of patients disagreed with religious inquiries by their physicians regardless of medical situation; however, there was a trend that a critical health reasons produced a higher percentage of patients accepting religious inquiry than in ordinary patients. There was no significant difference in answer between the two practice settings but a significant difference among the subgroups with strong religious belief and among those with a particular type of religion existed. CONCLUSION: The results of this study may be used as data on the method of approaching patients with religious inquiries for future studies on the relationship between religion and health, and also should encourage active researches on this subject.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Family Practice ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Korea ; Religion