Genes, Viral ; Rabies virus ; classification ; genetics ; Serotyping

No Abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Genes, Viral* ; Head* ; Neck*

Despite the improvements in medical, surgical and endovascular therapies, vascular disease is still a significant, critical clinical problem. The advances in understanding the mechanisms of neovascularization and the accumulated experiences of successful therapeutic application in animal models have raised expectations for therapeutic angiogenesis as a promising treatment option. However, the large, double-blinded, controlled clinical trials using therapeutic agent in the form of protein, naked DNA or viral gene therapy have failed to show clinical benefit. Nevertheless, by this time, cell based therapeutic angiogenesis has raised a promising option for the treatment of ischemic diseases. This article summarizes the essential preclinical research and major clinical trials on therapeutic angiogenesis, and it deals with several issues related to the failure of the clinical trials. Future directions in the realm of therapeutic angiogenesis are also described with focusing on cell based therapy.
DNA ; Genes, Viral ; Models, Animal ; Tissue Therapy ; Vascular Diseases

No abstract available.
Genes, Viral* ; Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis*

Genes, Viral ; genetics ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C ; virology ; Recombination, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo investigate the know gene types of main wild type measles virus strains and take measures to control measles in Jilin Province.

METHODSGenetic characterization of 9 measles viruses isolated from 72 throat swabs or urine specimens of measles patients using CDW(150) cells line was studied in Jilin Province in 2005.

RESULTSSequence analysis of 450 nucleotides of COOH-terminal of nucleoprotein (N) genes of 9 isolates indicated that all were members of H(1) genotype, in which there are 7 strains of H1a and 2 strains of H1b, the H1a subgroup differed from H1b by 2.0% approximately 3.5% at the nucleotide level in the COOH-terminal of the N gene.

CONCLUSIONSThe H(1) genotype of wild-type measles viruses should be the main epidemic strain and main pathogen that caused measles outbreaks and sporadic cases in Jilin Province.

China ; Genes, Reporter ; Genes, Viral ; Genotype ; Humans ; Measles ; epidemiology ; virology ; Measles virus ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Viral Structural Proteins ; genetics

Codon ; Dengue Virus ; chemistry ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Genes, Viral ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Viral Structural Proteins ; genetics

The Rana grylio virus (RGV) is a member of the genus Ranavirus. It belongs to the family Iridoviridae, and contains the gene 67R encoding dUTPase. In order to investigate the function of 67R in the replication and infection of RGV, we constructed Δ67R-RGV, a recombinant virus with deletion of 67R. First, we constructed the plasmid pGL3-67RL-p50-EGFP-67RR which carried an enhanced green fluorescence gene (EGFP) as a selectable marker. After homologous recombination between pGL3-67RL-p50-EG- FP-67RR and the RGV genome, Epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells were infected with the resulting mixture. Through ten successive rounds of plaque isolation via EGFP selection, all plaques emitted green fluorescence, and finally Δ67R-RGV was generated. Total DNA of Δ67R-RGV infected cells was extracted for PCR analyses. Simulateously, mock infected and wild-type RGV (wt-RGV) infected cells were used as a comparison. Results showed that 67R could be detected in wt-RGV infected cells, but that only the EGFP gene was detected in Δ67R-RGV infected cells. Furthermore, one-step growth curves of wt-RGV and Δ67R-RGV were similar. Therefore, 67R and its encoding product dUTPase might not be essential for the growth of RGV. These results suggest that, homologous recombination and recombinant rana- virus could be used to study the gene function of viruses in aquatic animals.
Genes, Viral ; physiology ; Genome, Viral ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pyrophosphatases ; genetics ; Ranavirus ; genetics ; Recombination, Genetic

Dengue ; epidemiology ; Dengue Virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the gene variations of influenza B virus isolated in Hunan province from 2007 to 2010.

METHODSA total of 42 strains of influenza B virus,which were isolated in the Influenza Surveillance Network Laboratories in Hunan province between year 2007 and 2010, were selected for the study. The hemagglutinin 1 (HA1) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of the selected strains were amplified by RT-PCR, and the sequence of the purified product were detected and homologically compared with the sequence of influenza vaccine strains isolated from Northern Hemisphere by WHO during the same period. In addition, the phylogenetic trees were constructed to characterize the molecular features.

RESULTSIn the Victoria branch of the HA1 gene phylogenetic tree, the strains isolated from year 2007 to 2009 were included in the V1 sub-branch, as well as the vaccine strain Malaysia/2506/2004; the strains isolated in year 2010 were involved in the V2 sub-branch, similar to the vaccine strains Brisbane/60/2008. In the Yamagata branch,the strains isolated in year 2007 were in the Y1 sub-branch,different from the strains isolated between year 2008 and 2010, which were in the Y2 sub-branch, instead. All virus in NA gene phylogenetic tree were included in the Yamagata branch, indicated their Yamagata origin. The genetic sequence analysis of the 7 strains isolated in year 2010 revealed that the viruses were classified as genotype 2 and genotype 15. The results of homological comparison between HA1 molecule and the influenza vaccine strains recommended by WHO were as below: Victoria lineage, 98.6% - 99.1% in 2007, 98.6% - 99.1% in 2008, 98.1% - 99.1% in 2009, and 97.6% - 99.1% in 2010; and Yamagata lineage, 97.9% - 98.5% in 2007, 97.9% - 98.5% in 2009 and 97.9% - 98.2% in 2010. The major mutations of the strains isolated in year 2007 were found in sites R48K, K88R, P108A, D197N and S230G. While the major mutations of the strains isolated between year 2009 and 2010 were sited in K88R, S150I, N166Y, D197N and S230G.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalent influenza B virus isolated in Hunan province from 2007 to 2010 has mutated and evolved continuously.

China ; epidemiology ; Genes, Viral ; Humans ; Influenza B virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; virology ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; Sequence Homology