No abstract available.
Ethics, Professional*

The Philippine Psychiatric Association has embarked on the daunting task of defining in operational terms the boundaries of the relationship between the psychiatrist and the pharmaceutical industry - not only in the legalistic terms but on the higher dimension of ethics. Relationships with industry are critical but necessary. It just needs redefining through. There have to be relationships with industry, but within a framework that respects the independence of the physician and does not unduly affect their judgements about patient care.
PSYCHIATRY ; ETHICS, PROFESSIONAL

Professional ethics can often encompass areas regulated by law. This is true of the Korean Medical Association (KMA) code of ethics. Therefore, doctors should consider their legal obligations when complying with medical ethics guidelines. A revision prepared by the KMA committee on medical ethics guidelines contains 5 types of amendments. First, some guidelines deal with areas that are not governed by current legislation. A second set of guidelines clarify the obligation to comply with current legislation by specifying “to the extent permitted by the law”. A third set of guidelines repeat the contents of current legislation almost verbatim. A fourth set of guidelines explain the content of the current legislation in lay language when a chance of misunderstanding is present. Fifth, some guidelines can be interpreted as being in conflict with current legislation. The statement that physicians must consider the content of relevant laws does not mean that they must accept those laws uncritically. At a minimum, doctors should avoid falling into legal difficulties because of legal ignorance. Furthermore, doctors must make efforts to revise relevant laws that are not acceptable from the point of view of medical ethics. If doctors continue this effort, they can maintain their professional dignity. The revision of the medical ethics guidelines is the beginning of this effort. If doctors understand the relationship between medical ethics guidelines and current legislation, it will be easier for doctors to comply with medical ethics guidelines in the clinical setting.
Accidental Falls ; Codes of Ethics ; Ethics, Medical* ; Ethics, Professional ; Jurisprudence*

Professional ethics can often encompass areas regulated by law. This is true of the Korean Medical Association (KMA) code of ethics. Therefore, doctors should consider their legal obligations when complying with medical ethics guidelines. A revision prepared by the KMA committee on medical ethics guidelines contains 5 types of amendments. First, some guidelines deal with areas that are not governed by current legislation. A second set of guidelines clarify the obligation to comply with current legislation by specifying “to the extent permitted by the law”. A third set of guidelines repeat the contents of current legislation almost verbatim. A fourth set of guidelines explain the content of the current legislation in lay language when a chance of misunderstanding is present. Fifth, some guidelines can be interpreted as being in conflict with current legislation. The statement that physicians must consider the content of relevant laws does not mean that they must accept those laws uncritically. At a minimum, doctors should avoid falling into legal difficulties because of legal ignorance. Furthermore, doctors must make efforts to revise relevant laws that are not acceptable from the point of view of medical ethics. If doctors continue this effort, they can maintain their professional dignity. The revision of the medical ethics guidelines is the beginning of this effort. If doctors understand the relationship between medical ethics guidelines and current legislation, it will be easier for doctors to comply with medical ethics guidelines in the clinical setting.
Accidental Falls ; Codes of Ethics ; Ethics, Medical* ; Ethics, Professional ; Jurisprudence*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Peer Review/*ethics ; Professional Misconduct/*ethics ; Publishing/*ethics

Why should physicians be ethical? First of all, it is one of the categorical imperatives (golden rules) to be an ethical person. So as a human being, all physicians should endeavor to be an ethical member of the society. However, there is another important reason for physicians to be ethical, more ethical than any other members of the society. Medicine, the so-called learned profession, is defined by the knowledge held by their members and by the application of that knowledge to the needs of fellow citizens. The relationship between physicians and patients can only be secured when physicians succeed in obtaining trust from the public. Society will accept the professional autonomy and monopoly market power held by the medical organization only if the organization shows continuing effort of self-regulation according to their strict code of ethics. At now, physicians are facing a powerful challenge from the modern society that denies professional authority and stresses independence and self-sufficiency of individual social members. There is a clear tendency that modern society no longer sees medicine as a benevolent help by the paternalistic physicians to the patients in need but as a mere trade between providers and consumers. Any unethical behavior of physicians may justify the intrusion by the third party into the traditional doctor-patient relationship in the name of fair trade. In this sense, ethics of physicians may be the best policy to defend the long tradition of Hippocratic medicine.
Codes of Ethics ; Ethics* ; Humans ; Paternalism ; Professional Autonomy ; Self-Control

BACKGROUND: TV dramas can affect the identity of a person or group that the public perceives by presenting virtualized characters and events. The image of a doctor in the medical drama can influence the identity of a contemporary physician group. The authors analyze several medical dramas in Korea from the viewpoint of medical professionalism and try to contribute to the enlightment of the image of the doctor.METHODS: Among the medical dramas that have been broadcast since medical professions began to appear, 5 dramas were selected for analysis. The author reviewed them by four major areas of medical professionalism: contribution to society, compliance with the four principles of medical ethics, professional autonomy, and recognition from society and scored an upper-middle-lower grade.RESULTS: ‘Contribution to society’ and ‘recognition from society’ were well-founded in all dramas, except ‘Doctor Stranger’. In the case of ‘compliance with the four principles of medical ethics’, ‘Golden Time’ and ‘Romantic doctors Kim’ most frequently violated it. The ‘medical ethics principle’ was frequently infringed on ‘Doctor Strangers’, In the case of ‘Doctors’, the violation of the ethics principle was reduced as the conflict between the drama characters were emphasized. ‘Professional autonomy’ is best demonstrated by stubborn doctors appearing in ‘Golden Time’ and ‘Romantic Doctors Kim’.CONCLUSION: It is necessary to criticize the doctors image in the current drama from the view point of the medical professionalism and to continue to teach the drama writer about medical professionalism.
Compliance ; Drama ; Ethics ; Ethics, Medical ; Humans ; Korea ; Professional Autonomy ; Professionalism

OBJECTIVES: The traditional roles of psychiatrists are being threatened according to the changes of requests from society. Psychiatrists need to rapidly adapt to new upcoming circumstances, improve leadership skills, and prepare for emerging ethical problems. The aim of this study is to predict and suggest what will happen in the future in the area of mental health, what role models might be required, what we should do and how we can prepare. METHODS: The authors interviewed seven mental health professionals on topics of leadership, participating roles of psychiatrists. Three models for psychiatrists were suggested : clinical model, community leader model, and mental health promoting model. Afterwards, a questionnaire on each role model was distributed to members of the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association via email and results were analyzed. RESULTS: Experts and stakeholders suggested that the following components from the interview will be fostered in the future : leadership in collaboration with other communities, introduction of leadership programs for young psychiatrists, strategies for sensitization of ethical issues, active communication with community partners, training professionals in legislation and administration. Regarding the questionnaire, 32 members responded. The most preferred role model was the Community leader model (46.9%, n=15), followed by the mental health promoting model (34.4%, n=11) and clinical model (15.6%, n=5). Most responders recognized that these issues are emerging and answered affirmatively on the developmental potential of each role model. A question about primary agents who are supposed to take charge of development of a suitable model was answered as follows : university professors for the clinical model (37.5%, n=12), psychiatrists working for public hospitals both for community leader (28.1%, n=9), and mental health promoting model (43.8%, n=14). Various opinions on leadership and strategies for fulfilling the role model were proposed. CONCLUSION: This study investigated leadership, ethics, social roles, and future directions of psychiatrists in order to provide suggestions on how to properly respond to changes of environment. It is expected that this study will be helpful in establishment of guidelines for leadership development and improving ethical orientation of psychiatrists, and will provide an opportunity for Korean NeuroPsychiatric Association members to have deep consideration and radical debate on our transforming roles.
Cooperative Behavior ; Electronic Mail ; Ethics ; Ethics, Medical ; Ethics, Professional* ; Hospitals, Public ; Leadership* ; Mental Health ; Professional Role ; Psychiatry* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Conflicts of interest in medicine has created deep concerns about the integrity of medicine and raised doubts about the trustworthiness of the medical professional. New stories of conflict of interest in medicine have become a commonplace. The interactions between the medical professional and the biomedical device as well as the pharmaceutical industry has become so pervasive that the primary interest of the medical professional in protecting and promoting the welfare of the patient has been compromised. The professional judgement and actions have been influenced by secondary interests, the major fungible and quantifiable being financial interest. The industry influence not only affects the way we practice orthopaedics but also affects medical education and peer review publications. Peer review publications have been shown to exaggerate benefits of the industry products while at the same time downplaying the risks. These conflicts of interest in orthopaedic surgery are particularly common in spinal and joint replacement surgery where joint replacement has been described as a ‘fashion trade’. The introduction of new products appears to be an uncontrolled experiment which has been hijacked by large corporations. This article explores the unhealthy pervasive interaction between the orthopaedic surgeon and the medical devices as well as the pharmaceutical industry. It highlights how the biomedical and the pharmaceutical industry dominate all aspects of the healthcare system. With its wealth and political clout, its influence is present everywhere, from the use of devices and drugs, research, publications, trials, education and even formulation of CGPs.
Ethics, Medical ; Professional Competence ; Professionalism ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; Delivery of Health Care

The "new engineering" concept requires that in addition to laying a solid professional foundation, engineering colleges and universities in China should also pay attention to improving the humanistic quality and developing a professional ethics education in training the engineering and technical talents. One important way is to carry out the engineering ethics education. By referring to the mature case-teaching ideas around the world and combining the practical experience accumulated in recent years, this paper focuses on the curriculum development and teaching reform of engineering ethics for students studying biological and medical engineering, from the perspectives of case selection and teaching method innovation. It also introduces some typical case studies, and summarizes the teaching effect analyzed from questionnaire.
Humans ; Curriculum ; Engineering/education* ; Students ; Ethics, Professional ; Biology/education*