1.PI3 kinase Signaling in Drosophila.
Journal of Korean Society of Endocrinology 2004;19(3):281-288
No abstract available.
Drosophila*
;
Phosphotransferases*
2.Effect of Garcinia binucao crude leaf extract supplementation on lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster chronically exposed to alcohol
Joanne Jennifer E. Tan ; Ourlad Alzeus G. Tantengco ; Nicholas Robert C. Tan ; Clyde E. Silverio ; Ana Denise V. Sison ; Joseph P. Sta. Maria Jr. ; Karol Ina G. Tablante ; Joyce Gillian A. Tiam-Lee ; Maria Concepcion C. Sison ; Paul Mark B. Medina
Acta Medica Philippina 2024;58(5):52-56
Background:
Consumption and abuse of alcohol remains a significant cause of concern worldwide. Furthermore, there is evidence of the association between chronic alcohol use and reduced life expectancy.
Objectives:
To study the effects of Garcinia binucao extract (GBE) supplementation on lifespan of Drosophila
melanogaster, in the presence or absence of chronic alcohol exposure.
Methods:
D. melanogaster was mass cultured and given GBE supplementation in high (1 mg/mL) and low (200 µg/mL) sublethal doses. D. melanogaster flies were divided into groups - with and without chronic alcohol exposure, and their respective lifespans were monitored.
Results:
In D. melanogaster without alcohol exposure, mean lifespan was highest in the control flies (38.15 days), followed by high-dose GBE (34.42 days), low-dose GBE (33.24 days), and DMSO (22.29 days). In D. melanogaster chronically exposed to alcohol, the longest mean lifespan was observed in flies treated with high-dose GBE (33.80 days), followed by low-dose GBE (33.63 days), the DMSO group (30.30), and the control group (29.65 days), but the differences were not statistically significant. Comparing groups with and without chronic alcohol exposure, the mean lifespan of the control group chronically exposed to alcohol significantly decreased by 9.51 days (p < 0.05). In GBE treatment groups, mean lifespan significantly decreased by 0.82 days in high-dose set-up (p < 0.05), and significantly increased by 0.39 days in the low-dose set-up (p < 0.05) upon chronic alcohol exposure.
Conclusion
Garcinia binucao extract supplementation ameliorated the observed reduction in lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster chronically exposed to alcohol.
Drosophila melanogaster
;
Longevity
3.Generation and characterization of antibody against paf1 complex in Drosophila melanogaster.
Wen-Xiang WEI ; Ji-Cheng YANG ; Wen-Zhuo ZHUANG ; Yan-Yan BAI ; Wei-Hua SHENG ; Jing-Cheng MIAO
Acta Physiologica Sinica 2006;58(6):521-528
Paf1 complex was identified in yeast and characterized to function in transcription and its related events. We identified the Drosophila homological components of paf1, CDC73 and RTF1 of paf1 complex. The genes encoding Drosophila paf1, CDC73 and RTF1 were cloned and expressed. With the purified recombinant proteins of truncated components of paf1 complex, antibodies against the Drosophila paf1, CDC73 and RTF1 were generated. These antibodies have been shown to be able to detect the endogenous paf1 subunits as well as their human counterparts in the HeLa extract. On Drosophila polytene chromosomes, these antibodies have been demonstrated to locate the paf1 complex at actively transcribing sites, which co-localized with phosphorylated RNA polymerase II, indicating that paf1 complex in Drosophila is involved in transcription or the events coupling with transcription.
Animals
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Antibodies
;
chemistry
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Drosophila Proteins
;
immunology
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Drosophila melanogaster
4.Direction Selectivity of TmY Neurites in Drosophila.
Yinyin ZHAO ; Shanshan KE ; Guo CHENG ; Xiaohua LV ; Jin CHANG ; Wei ZHOU
Neuroscience Bulletin 2023;39(5):759-773
The perception of motion is an important function of vision. Neural wiring diagrams for extracting directional information have been obtained by connectome reconstruction. Direction selectivity in Drosophila is thought to originate in T4/T5 neurons through integrating inputs with different temporal filtering properties. Through genetic screening based on synaptic distribution, we isolated a new type of TmY neuron, termed TmY-ds, that form reciprocal synaptic connections with T4/T5 neurons. Its neurites responded to grating motion along the four cardinal directions and showed a variety of direction selectivity. Intriguingly, its direction selectivity originated from temporal filtering neurons rather than T4/T5. Genetic silencing and activation experiments showed that TmY-ds neurons are functionally upstream of T4/T5. Our results suggest that direction selectivity is generated in a tripartite circuit formed among these three neurons-temporal filtering, TmY-ds, and T4/T5 neurons, in which TmY-ds plays a role in the enhancement of direction selectivity in T4/T5 neurons.
Animals
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Neurites
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Drosophila
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Neurons
;
Connectome
5.A Neural Circuit Controlling Virgin Female Aggression Induced by Mating-related Cues in Drosophila.
Xiaolu WAN ; Peng SHEN ; Kai SHI ; Jing LI ; Fengming WU ; Chuan ZHOU
Neuroscience Bulletin 2023;39(9):1396-1410
Females increase aggression for mating opportunities and for acquiring reproductive resources. Although the close relationship between female aggression and mating status is widely appreciated, whether and how female aggression is regulated by mating-related cues remains poorly understood. Here we report an interesting observation that Drosophila virgin females initiate high-frequency attacks toward mated females. We identify 11-cis-vaccenyl acetate (cVA), a male-derived pheromone transferred to females during mating, which promotes virgin female aggression. We subsequently reveal a cVA-responsive neural circuit consisting of four orders of neurons, including Or67d, DA1, aSP-g, and pC1 neurons, that mediate cVA-induced virgin female aggression. We also determine that aSP-g neurons release acetylcholine (ACh) to excite pC1 neurons via the nicotinic ACh receptor nAChRα7. Together, beyond revealing cVA as a mating-related inducer of virgin female aggression, our results identify a neural circuit linking the chemosensory perception of mating-related cues to aggressive behavior in Drosophila females.
Animals
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Male
;
Female
;
Drosophila/physiology*
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Drosophila Proteins/physiology*
;
Cues
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Sexual Behavior, Animal/physiology*
;
Aggression/physiology*
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Drosophila melanogaster/physiology*
6."Gating-Spring" model and molecular basis of mechanotransduction in Drosophila melanogaster.
Acta Physiologica Sinica 2016;68(1):87-97
The sense of mechanical stimuli (e.g. force or deformation) in the environment underlies several important physiological processes, for example the perception of sound, touch, pain and acceleration. The key step in mechanosensation is to convert the extracellular mechanical stimuli into cellular electrical or chemical signals. This process is termed as mechanotransduction. Based on mechanical and electrophysiological measurements, "Gating-Spring" theory was proposed as a general model to describe the cell biological mechanism of mechanotransduction. However, despite efforts made in several model organisms, the molecular basis of the "Gating-Spring" model remains elusive. In recent years, several key progresses have been made using the mechanoreceptors of Drosophila melanogaster as the models. This article introduces the "Gating-Spring" theory and reviews the recent research progresses on the fly mechanotransduction.
Animals
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Drosophila melanogaster
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Mechanoreceptors
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Mechanotransduction, Cellular
7.Low-dose Gamma-irradiation Effect on Early Stage Development and Lifespan in Various Strains of Drosophila melanogaster.
Jin Woo LEE ; Ki Moon SEONG ; Cha Soon KIM ; Seon Young NAM ; Kwang Hee YANG ; Young Woo JIN
Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008;20(3):225-232
OBJECTIVES: Although ionizing radiation is recognized as being harmful to humans, debate continues regarding the effects of low doses of ionizing radiation. Some studies have reported that low doses of ionizing radiation have a bio-positive effect, namely hormesis, and many researchers have attempted to find concrete and scientific evidence to prove this. To determine whether the discrepancy in effects of low doses of ionizing radiation arises from genetic differences, a study with a multicellular organism system such as fruit flies is needed. METHODS: After irradiation at a low-dose rate of gamma radiation with chronic (0.2 Gy) and acute (0.2, 0.75 and 4 Gy), the pupa rate, eclosion rate and life span were examined with various wild type strains of Drosophila melanogaster such as W1118, Oregon-R, and Canton-S. RESULTS: The life span of Oregon-R exposed to both acute and chronic, low-dose radiation (0.2 Gy) was increased. Although there was some difference in the longevity between the acute and chronic radiation rate, no other differences were found. In Canton-S, only acute dose (0.75 Gy) increased the life span, but it did not in W1118. CONCLUSIONS: Although there were some differences between wild type fruit fly strains in longevity, the low doses of ionizing radiation extended the life span of D. melanogaster. Further studies need to be carried out to explain the difference according to dose and dose rate of radiation in the tested strains.
Diptera
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Drosophila
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Drosophila melanogaster
;
Fruit
;
Gamma Rays
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Hormesis
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Humans
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Longevity
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Pupa
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Radiation, Ionizing
8.Enhancement of Protein Productivity of Recombinant Hepatitis A Virus VP1 in Stably Transfected Drosophila melanogaster S2 Cells.
Hwang Bo JEON ; Jong Hwa PARK ; Hyun Ho LEE ; Do Hyung KIM ; Hee Young LEE ; Dong Hwa SHON ; Wonyong KIM ; In Sik CHUNG
Journal of Bacteriology and Virology 2012;42(1):69-75
The effect of DMSO and sodium butyrate on the production of recombinant hepatitis A virus (HAV) capsid protein VP1 was evaluated and optimized in the culture of stably transfected Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells using culture plates and spinner flasks. The effect of DMSO and sodium butyrate was also evaluated to improve the recombinant VP1 production in stably transfected Drosophila S2 cells. A production level of 0.88 mg of recombinant VP1/liter was obtained in the culture-plate culture of stably transfected S2 cells at 6 days after induction with 0.5 mM CuSO4. The supplements of 2% DMSO and 10 mM sodium butyrate at 4 days post-inoculation increased recombinant VP1 accumulation by 141 and 104%, respectively, resulting in 2.17 and 1.7 mg/liter of recombinant VP1 production. In spinner flasks, recombinant VP1 production reached maximum level at 9 days after induction with 0.5 mM CuSO4, with approximately 4.96 mg/liter of recombinant VP1 production level. When 2% DMSO or 10 mM sodium butyrate was added at 5 days post-inoculation, the recombinant VP1 production was increased to 8.35 and 5.85 mg/liter, respectively. However, the synergistic effects of DMSO and sodium butyrate were not observed. These results indicate that DMSO and/or sodium butyrate can be successfully used to improve the recombinant HAV VP1 production in culture plates and spinner flasks.
Butyrates
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Capsid Proteins
;
Dimethyl Sulfoxide
;
Drosophila
;
Drosophila melanogaster
;
Efficiency
;
Hepatitis
;
Hepatitis A
;
Hepatitis A virus
;
Sodium
9.Korean Red Ginseng Tonic Extends Lifespan in D. melanogaster.
Biomolecules & Therapeutics 2013;21(3):241-245
Aging is the single most important risk factor that increases susceptibility to many forms of diseases. As such, much effort has been put forward to elucidate the mechanisms behind the processes of aging and to discover novel compounds that retain antiaging activities. Korean red ginseng has been used for a variety of medical purposes in eastern countries for several thousands of years. It has been shown that Korean red ginseng affects a number of biological activities including, but not limited to, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-diabetic pathways. However, few studies have been performed to evaluate its anti-aging effects with an in vivo system. Here Drosophila melanogaster as an in vivo model organism demonstrates that Korean red ginseng tonic extends lifespan, increases resistance to starvation stress and prevents weight gain. This data suggest that Korean red ginseng may regulate organisms' metabolism in favor of extending lifespan.
Aging
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Drosophila
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Drosophila melanogaster
;
Metabolism
;
Models, Animal
;
Panax*
;
Risk Factors
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Starvation
;
Weight Gain
10.The carboxypeptidase D homolog silver regulates memory formation via insulin pathway in Drosophila.
Binyan LU ; Yi ZHAO ; Jie ZHAO ; Xiaoyang YAO ; Yichun SHUAI ; Weiwei MA ; Yi ZHONG
Protein & Cell 2016;7(8):606-610
Animals
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Drosophila Proteins
;
genetics
;
metabolism
;
Drosophila melanogaster
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Memory
;
physiology
;
Mushroom Bodies
;
cytology
;
metabolism
;
Proteins
;
genetics
;
metabolism