Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR) includes Physical rehabilitation, Social rehabilitation, Educational rehabilitation and Economical rehabilitation. Mai Chau is one of the high mountain districts of Hoa Binh province with population of 47716. After to do "house to house" surveys, the number of disabled people in general of Mai Chau is 2.6% of the population; 47.2% of them is in need of rehabilitation. Disability survey show that difficulty in moving (40.2%) is the most frequent disabilities; difficulty in seeing 19.7%; difficulty in hearing and speaking 12.7%; difficulty in learning 5.9%; Epilepsy 5%; strange behavior 11.5%, others disabilities 5%. Rehabilitation and Community Based Rehabilitation is one of the best way to deal with disabilities problem in Viet Nam
Disabled Persons ; Epidemiology ; Rehabilitation

Cognitive rehabilitation refers to the cognition-based approaches that aim to induce people with cognitive impairment to achieve or maintain an optimal level of psychological and social functioning. Many models and definitions of cognitive rehabilitation exist. In this review, cognitive rehabilitation would be briefly reviewed as three categories; cognitive stimulation, cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation. Cognitive stimulation is a range of group activities and discussions targeting general enhancement of cognitive and social functioning. Cognitive training is guided practice of standardized cognitive task-sets according to the individual levels. Cognitive rehabilitation is an individual approach using rehabilitation strategy for cognitively disabled person. Goal-setting is essential and emphasis is on improving performance in everyday life.
Cognitive Therapy ; Dementia* ; Disabled Persons ; Humans ; Rehabilitation*

It is now accepted that in developing countries community-based rehabilitation (CBR) is the most effective way to meet the needs of the disabled. The proportion of the population of Papua New Guinea (PNG) having access to CBR is not known. The purpose of this project was to clarify the extent of rehabilitation services in PNG. It was hoped that by establishing the extent of services, communication and cooperation between them would increase, leading to more efficient and effective use of the limited resources (human and otherwise) available for rehabilitation in PNG. A questionnaire was sent to all known existing rehabilitation services, all provincial health departments, provincial hospitals and church health services. A 47% response rate was achieved. Results showed that most provinces have some form of rehabilitation available but rehabilitation is not spread equally throughout PNG. Most of the services are based in the urban centres and the rural population is badly served except in the Highlands Region and the Sepik provinces, which appear to be more comprehensively served by CBR. The services that do exist are hampered by lack of human and material resources and difficulty accessing clients due to transport difficulties. There needs to be a greater movement of rehabilitation into the community with government backing. The greatest effort is being made by Callan Services for Disabled Persons based in Wewak with its group of Special Education Resource Centres that also carry out CBR. CBR would appear to be an appropriate way to address the needs of the disabled PNG population, but in order to be successful it requires greater backing and more trained personnel.
Rehabilitation aspects ; Papua New Guinea ; Disabled Persons ; Rehabilitation service ; seconds

Recently the numbers of persons with disabilities and aged are rapidly increasing every year. And the scope of persons with disabilities is much more diversified. According to the recent report of the desire for the persons with disabilities, it is noted that medical rehabilitation service is most insufficient. But compared to the numbers and needs of persons with disabilities, the numbers of medical rehabilitation facilities are still much insufficient. The important factors to be considered in rehabilitation hospital are accessibility, comprehensiveness, quality, continuity and efficiency. In Korea, the current conditions of medical rehabilitation service are as follows: 1) increase of medical rehabilitation demand, 2) shortage of rehabilitation hospital beds, 3) insufficient medical rehabilitation insurance system, 4) absence of continuum care, 5) accessibility problem etc. Considering these aspects, the government is planning to build the regional rehabilitation center each district and meet the need for persons with disabilities by the second five-year plan of the welfare for persons with disabilities. Finally I suggest some a plans to establish medical service provision system for the disabled. First of all, regional rehabilitation center should be established in each province, so as to provide better and comprehensive medical services to the disabled. Second, medical services in public and private health sector should be expanded. Third, the need for the community rehabilitation committee that links the hospital and the community should be emphasized.
Disabled Persons* ; Humans ; Insurance ; Korea ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Rehabilitation* ; Social Planning

Improving quality of life can be achieved by rehabilitating one socially and restoring their sexual life. Holistic care for persons with disabilities means the rehabilitation nurse intervenes when problems of sexual function are discovered, observed, or expressed. However, most people with chronic illnesses and disabilities must confront prevalent myths about their sexual nature and abilities. These myths often have their basis in the notion, common in our society, that the only people who are sexual are those who are young and beautiful. People who are obese, old, or do not conform to current standards of sexual attractiveness are usually deemed as asexual or undesirable. These narrow stereotypes have been particularly damaging to physically or mentally disabled people. People with chronic illnesses and disabilities often have special needs regarding their sexual behavior. Most of us will confront chronic illness or disability in our own lives to some degree. In addition, illness or disability can occur at any age. In this study, I discuss some of the special needs of people with chronic illnesses and disabilities and the methods of coping with those needs. I also discuss some of the sexual concerns that people with chronic illnesses and disabilities have in common, and the assessment of sexual function and nursing strategies through literature review.
Chronic Disease* ; Disabled Persons ; Humans ; Mentally Disabled Persons ; Nursing ; Quality of Life ; Rehabilitation ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexuality

PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to develop a motivational interviewing program for exercise improvement in persons with physical disabilities and to examine the effect of this motivational interviewing intervention. METHODS: The study employed a nonequivalent control group pretest and posttest design. A total of 62 persons with physical disabilities (30 in the experimental group, 32 in the control group) were recruited from 2 community rehabilitation centers. The experimental group received 8 sessions of a group motivational interviewing program, scheduled once a week, with each session lasting 60 minutes. Test measures were completed before the intervention, immediately after the end of the intervention, 2 weeks later, and 6 weeks after the end of the intervention. Measures included self-efficacy for exercise, decisional balance for exercise, stage of change for exercise, regularity of exercise, exercise maintenance, and independent living ability. Data were analyzed using the χ²-test, Fisher's exact test, Independent samples t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA, conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 18. RESULTS: The experimental group showed a significant increase in self-efficacy for exercise (F=50.98, p<.001), benefit (pros) of exercise (F=24.16, p<.001), and independent living ability (F=50.94, p<.001), and a significant decrease in loss (cons) of exercise (F=26.50, p<.001). There were significant differences between the two groups in stages of change for exercise (p<.001), regularity of exercise (p<.001), and exercise maintenance (χ²=26.61, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The motivational interviewing program has the potential to improve exercise levels in persons with physical disabilities.
Disabled Persons ; Humans ; Independent Living ; Motivational Interviewing* ; Rehabilitation Centers

OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of depressive symptoms in adults with physical disabilities between rehabilitation-receivers and non-receivers. METHODS: A total of 3,568 adults with physical disabilities were retrieved from the 2014 Korean National Survey on People with Disabilities database. Four covariate adjustment methods (a multivariable regression model, inverse probability of treatment weighting [IPTW] adjusted for normalized weight, IPTW with stabilized weight, and greedy algorithm with 1:1 propensity score matching) were used to estimate the odds of having depressive symptoms. The dependent variable was depressive symptoms and the independent variable was the use of rehabilitation services. Baseline covariates were 19 demographic variables and 10 chronic condition variables. RESULTS: The four covariate adjustment methods revealed that adults with physical disabilities receiving rehabilitation services had a higher risk of depressive symptoms than those who did not receive these services (adjusted odds ratio, 1.191–1.294). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that adults with physical disabilities receiving rehabilitation services have higher risk of developing depressive symptoms. Therefore, rehabilitation professionals need to pay attention to depressive symptoms and establish therapeutic strategies that can reduce such risk in rehabilitation settings.
Adult ; Depression ; Disabled Persons ; Humans ; Odds Ratio ; Propensity Score ; Rehabilitation

The purpose of this study is to identify and describe a process of sexual adjustment of individuals with spinal cord injury: and to describe and explore positive and negative influences on the adjustment process. This qualitative study was conducted with 10 Korean individuals with spinal cord injury who had been physically disabled for more than one year. Data were collected and analysed at a same time using grounded theory method. Major categories of this study showed a process how the individuals with spinal cord injury adjust to their individual life as sexual beings. The process included Changes of life caused by physical disability> Emotional distress> Stability of life> Recognition of self as a sexual being> Re-establishing own sense of values for sexual life> Behavioral efforts for restoration of sexual life> and individual responses to the behavioral efforts including Frustration> Resignation> Satisfaction> Dissatisfaction> and Limited satisfaction>. Initially physical aspects of sexuality seemed to be affected by spinal cord injuries. The changed physical aspects then influenced other aspects of their sexual life. Life satisfaction of each individual as a sexual being revealed as very subjective. It could be defined according to how the individual approved their sexual life no matter what and how much behavioral effort the person had done. In this study 3 types of sexual adjustment aspects were explored: 'Active adjustment' 'Passive adjustment' 'Maladjustment'. There were negative and positive factors influencing the adjustment process of individuals with spinal cord injury. Those factors might come from themselves. from families. or from social situations. Findings of this study suggested that sexual life of individuals with spinal cord injury should not be understood as a physical or behavioral matter. It was a combination of physical. psychological and social aspects of life. Therefore. appropriate rehabilitation programs for the sexual adjustment of individuals with spinal cord injury need to concern heterogeneous life values of them and obtain individualized services for each individual at a different stage of the sexual adjustment process.
Disabled Persons ; Humans ; Rehabilitation ; Sexuality ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord*

Disability is a major public health problem, particularly in developing countries, where there is a close link between poverty and disability. The complex nature of disability allows it to be addressed from a number of different perspectives. Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) is a holistic approach towards disability which is currently being supported in many parts of the world, including Papua New Guinea (PNG). Unfortunately CBR is frequently implemented in resource-poor contexts, which limits the scope for research. As a result little effort is put into determining a need before CBR programs are established, or into evaluating CBR programs following implementation. This research in the Middle Ramu, Madang Province, tested a method for acquiring information for the purposes of CBR planning in PNG. The method used an adapted form of the Ten Questions Screen for Childhood Disability. Quantitative and qualitative methods were further utilized to determine the types of disability presenting, the biomedical and perceived causes of the various disabilities, help-seeking behaviours, the disabled individual's participation in village activities, and the needs of both disabled individuals and their caregivers. A total of 158 disabled individuals were identified in a population of 4946 people and 20 in-depth interviews were conducted. The data obtained were analyzed to formulate an appropriate 'CBR package' that would cater for the specific needs of this population in the Middle Ramu. Evaluation of the basic survey method revealed that it was more sensitive than other methods previously tried in PNG, with an overall disability prevalence of 3.2% obtained. Qualitative methods allowed the fieldworkers to get a much deeper insight into the feelings and perceptions of disabled individuals. The methods tested for this research in the Middle Ramu could have application for CBR workers in other parts of PNG.
Disability, NOS ; Disabled Persons ; Median Site ; Research ; Rehabilitation aspects

The purpose of this study were to obtain the prevalence of the physically disabled order as a basic data for the planning of Community-Based Rehabilitation in a rural community and to evaluate the seventy of the physically disabled by according to the physical disability grade. The total residents in the community were surveyed to in May 1996. The prevalence of the physically disabled was 6.92% of the total population. The male: female ratio was 1:0.7. The most freguent age for the on set of physical disability was sixties and this group represented 35.5% of all physical disabilities. The majority of the physically disabled was graded an 10 th, 11 th, 12 th grade. The prevalence of the physically disabled in this study was higher than that a the previous study due to the inclurion of more mild disability groups were important in the prevalence of the physically disabled.
Disabled Persons* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence* ; Rehabilitation ; Rural Population*