No abstract available.
Chimerism ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells

No abstract available.
Chimerism ; Thyroid Diseases ; Thyroid Gland

Chimerism ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Liver Transplantation

No abstract available.
Chimerism* ; Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Stem Cells*

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Chimerism* ; Hematologic Neoplasms* ; Recurrence*

The microchimerism is a status of the microcell or DNA of an individual in another one with genetic differences. Taking an overall view about the discovery and research of the microchimerism, it was found that although the study of the microchimerism emphasizes the formation, origin, distribution, type, relationship to disease and several other aspects, the objects of the study are always the microchimerism that obtained naturally. As it is known to all, the microchimerism can also be produced in some clinical treatment, such as in the transplant and transfusion, but compared with the microchimerism gained naturally, obviously, the study for the iatrogenic microchimerism formed in the treatment is not elaborate enough. The curative effect of micro transplantation, a new technique for leukemia treatment, is obvious, but its mechanism is unclear, whether that is related to microchimerism still needs further research. This review summarizes the study history and perspective of the microchimerism so as to provide some ideas for studying the action mechanism of microchimerism in micro transplantation.
Chimerism ; DNA ; genetics ; Humans ; Transplantation Chimera

Blood transfusion is a newly recognized cause of microchimerism, it seems to be common in severe traumatic injuries. In this review, the frequency, cause and prevention of transfusion-associated microchimerism (TA-MC), its current progress of knowledge and unanswered questions were summarized. In addition, the pregnancy-associated microchimerism and transplantation-associated microchimerism were discussed in this review.
Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion ; Chimerism ; Humans ; Transplantation Chimera

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether fetal microchimeric cells were detected in ovarian tissues with pelvic endometriosis. METHODS: Ovarian tissues with endometriosis were obtained from five women who had at least one live-born son and who underwent enucleation of endometriotic cyst or oophorectomy after a diagnosis of endometriotic cyst. Control tissues were obtained from five women with endometriosis who had no pregnant history. Tissue sections were analyzed with fluorescence in situ hybridization for the presence of fetal cells, defined by X and Y chromosome. RESULTS: Fluorescence in situ hybridization using paraffin-embedded ovarian specimens was performed successfully. Male cells were found in ovarian tissues from all five patients. No male cells were found in ovarian tissues from all five controls. CONCLUSION: Fetal microchimeric cells, possibly from feto-maternal cell trafficking were detected in ovarian tissues with endometriosis were obtained from women who had prior male pregnancies. Further study is necessary to understand the role of persistent fetal microchimeric cells in the progression of endometriosis.
Chimerism* ; Diagnosis ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Male ; Ovariectomy ; Pregnancy ; Y Chromosome

BACKGROUND: ABO blood group discrepancy occurs when the results of red cell tests do not agree with those of the serum test. In order to select the proper blood units for transfusion, clarification of the cause of ABO discrepancies is essential. We analyzed the cases and recent actual transfusion experiences at Chonnam National University Hospital (CNUH). METHODS: In total, among pre-transfusion blood samples at CNUH between January 2012 and July 2013, 55 cases of ABO discrepancies were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The discrepancy incidence was 0.14%. Problems with serum were the most common cause of ABO discrepancies, with 31 cases (56.4%), and extra serum reactivity due to cold allo-antibodies accounted for the highest frequency (n=7). There were three cases of non-specific aggregations caused by commercial RBC constituents and aggregation was not observed when a re-test was performed with other commercial RBCs or self-prepared human RBCs. Two of three cases with mix-field aggregations involved a pair of twins after in vitro fertilization - embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Among 55 patients, 20 were actually transfused, and all but four cases had weaker or identical RBC units and stronger or identical plasma units. CONCLUSION: There were newly revealed ABO discrepancies caused by non-specific aggregations of commercial RBCs and in twins after IVF-ET. In addition, investigation of actual transfusion experiences in patients with ABO blood group discrepancies would be helpful.
Chimerism ; Embryo Transfer ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do* ; Plasma ; Retrospective Studies ; Twins

PURPOSE: The pretransplant pregnancy has been thought to be a detrimental factor for graft survival following renal allografts. However, graft survival in woman who underwent renal allografts from her offspring donor can be affected either positively by chimerism during fetal circulation or negatively by hypersensitive response. We attempted to define the role of pretransplant pregnancy on allografts survival of mother recipients from offspring donors. METHODS: During July 1, 1990 through July 31, 2002 117 patients were enrolled in this study. We divided these patients into 3 groups: group 1 (mothers receiving allografts from offspring) of 40 patients, group 2 (fathers receiving allografts from offspring) of 42 patients, and group 3 (women with a history of pregnancy and received allografts from unrelated donors) of 35 patients. We analysed the rejection rate, and patient and graft survival among the 3 groups. RESULTS: The acute rejection episodes (ARE) within 3 months were prevalent in the patients who received allografts from offspring. But after 3 months, no significant difference was observed among the three groups. The 1, 5 years graft survival rate of each group was 90.0%, 85.5% in group 1, 97.4%, 97.4% in group 2 and 94.3%, 94.3% in group 3. And the 1, 5 years patient survival rate was 92.5%, 88.1% in group 1, 100%, 100% in group 2 and 94.3%, 94.3% in group 3. CONCLUSION: From these results we can assume that the higher rejection rate and somewhat lower graft survival rate in mother recipients who underwent renal allografts from the offspring donors were caused by the anamnestic response from presensitization during pregnancy. To achieve better results in this group, a perioperative cautious care with different strategy of immunosuppressant is recommended.
Allografts* ; Chimerism ; Female ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Mothers ; Pregnancy* ; Survival Rate ; Tissue Donors*