OBJECTIVETo establish a method for simultaneous determination of 54 elements in whole blood by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

METHODSThe whole blood sample was digested with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide in a water bath at 90°C, and then analyzed by ICP-MS with 0.1% ethanol as an matrix-matching agent.

RESULTSA good linear relationship was achieved when the concentrations of the 54 elements in whole blood were in the standard range (all r >0.999). The recovery rate of the sample plus the standard was between 80% and 106%, and the relative standard deviation was less than 5%. The standard material of whole blood was determined and the results met the certification requirements.

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple, rapid, sensitive, and accurate. It is applicable for simultaneous determination of multi-elements in a large number of whole blood samples.

Blood Chemical Analysis ; methods ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry

Blood Chemical Analysis ; Humans ; Water Sports ; physiology

Blood Chemical Analysis ; methods ; Humans ; Metronidazole ; blood ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet

OBJECTIVE: To determine the normal reference values of 33 elements, Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hg, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sr, Th, Ti, Tl, U, V, Zn and Zr, in the blood and urine samples from the general population in Sanmen County of Zhejiang province, a typical coastal area of eastern China. METHODS: The 33 elements in 272 blood and 300 urine samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The normality test of data was conducted using SPSS 17.0 Statistics. The data was compared with other reports. RESULTS: The normal reference values of the 33 elements in the blood and urine samples from the general population in Sanmen County were obtained, which of some elements were found to be similar with other reports, such as Co, Cu, Mn and Sr, while As, Cd, Hg and Pb were generally found to be higher than those previously reported. There was a wide variation between the reports from different countries in blood Ba. CONCLUSION The normal reference values of the 33 elements in the blood and urine samples from the general population in Sanmen County are established, and successfully applied to two poisoning cases.
Blood Chemical Analysis ; China ; Elements ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Urinalysis

No abstract available.
Ascorbic Acid/*chemistry ; Blood Chemical Analysis/instrumentation/*methods ; Blood Glucose/*analysis ; Maltose/*chemistry

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the comparability and bias of the test results of two detection systems for serum procalcitonin (PCT) under the same laboratory condition.

METHODSAccording to the profile NCCLS-EP9-A, the two systems were used to detect PCT to obtain the correlation coefficient and the liner equation for evaluation of the test result bias.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONThe test results of PCT showed no significant difference between the two detection systems (P>005) with a kappa value greater than 0.75. The correlation coefficients of both systems were above 0.975, suggesting a consistency between them for clinical detection of PCT.

Bias ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; methods ; Calcitonin ; blood ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Humans ; Protein Precursors ; blood

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and agreement among HbA(1c) values measured using selected analyzers certified by the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) and standardized by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC). METHODS: HbA(1c) determined using D-10 (Bio-Rad, USA), Variant II Turbo (Turbo; Bio-Rad, USA), Cobas Integra 800 (Integra; Roche, Switzerland) and Afinion AS100 (Afinion; Axis-Shield, Norway) were compared with each other. Precision and method comparisons with Deming regression were evaluated according to CLSI recommendations. We also compared the HbA(1c) values obtained with each analyzer using either IFCC or NGSP methods by correlation analysis and kappa statistics. RESULTS: The repeatability and method/device precisions of D-10 and Afinion were acceptable. The correlation coefficients of HbA(1c) were 0.986 for D-10 vs. Afinion, 0.997 for D-10 vs. Turbo, 0.988 for D-10 vs. Integra, and 0.991 for Integra vs. Afinion. The average biases of HbA(1c) Afinion (IFCC) and HbA(1c) Integra (IFCC) against HbA(1c) D-10 (NGSP) were -1.90% and -1.79%, respectively. Kappa agreement statistics for the three diabetic control group HbA(1c) values of "less than 6.5%," "6.5%-7.5%," and "greater than 7.5%" for D-10 vs. Turbo, D-10 vs. Integra, and D-10 vs. Afinion were 0.872, 0.836, and 0.833, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The strong correlations and good clinical agreements of HbA(1c) between each analyzer expressed in terms of either NGSP or IFCC-derived NGSP indicate that these analyzers can be used interchangeably.
Blood Chemical Analysis/instrumentation/methods/standards ; Diabetes Mellitus/therapy ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated/*analysis/standards ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVETo develop the first grade standard analytical reference material of bovine blood lead.

METHODSAccording to standards and technology specification of primary standard reference material (JJG1006-1994), ISO 17511, and volume-effect relationship, a bovine blood lead model was developed by adding acetate lead in the feed in dose of 2-5 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1). Cow blood was collected when blood lead concentration went up to low, medium and high concentration range (90-100, 190-200, 280-300 microg/L). Blood sample was kept in tube and frozen after irradiation. The samples were tested for homogeneity and stability. ID-MS method was used to measure the lead concentration through comparison with two standard lead samples from the USA NIST SRM 955b.

RESULTSSamples of the three lead concentrations showed uniformity by single factor analysis of variance (F = 0.61, 1.64, 0.28, respectively, P > 0.05) . After 14 months monitoring, the RSD was 0.85%, 1.05% and 0.49% (t = 0.787, 1.132, 0.854, respectively, P > 0.05). The characteristic and indefinite values were 102.4 +/- 5.5; 181.2 +/- 4.0; 304.5 +/- 3.9, respectively (unit: microg/L). The reproduction of the two USA NIST SRM 955b samples further showed our methods and procedures were correct. Our sample was stabile for four days at room temperature.

CONCLUSIONThe standard reference material of bovine in our research had reached the national standard material requirements.

Animal Feed ; Animals ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; standards ; Cattle ; Lead ; blood ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Reference Standards

OBJECTIVETo investigate the sensitization effect of different chemical modifiers in the determination of indium in whole blood by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, and to develop a new method for the determination of indium in whole blood.

METHODSA mixture of 0.3% HNO3 (V/V) + 0.1% Triton X-100 (V/V) was used as a diluent, and a solution of 1 000 µg/ml Pd (NO3)2 + 3 000 µg/ml Mg (NO3)2 was used as modifier. After being diluted five times, the concentration of indium of the blood was directly determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.

RESULTSThe detection limit of the method was 0.33 µg/L, the linear range was 0.33~100.00 µg/L, the relative standard deviation was 1.43%~2.65%, and the recovery rate was 98.3%~105.3%.

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple and fast and has high recovery and precision, and it is suitable for the determination of indium in whole blood.

Blood Chemical Analysis ; instrumentation ; Graphite ; Humans ; Indium ; blood ; Limit of Detection ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for simultaneous determination of 17 common pesticides in whole blood by solid phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPE-GC-MS).

METHODSWhole blood samples were treated by extraction with acetonitrile, and the obtained extract was cleaned up using an Oasis HLB SPE cartridge; pesticides were separated by GC and quantitatively analyzed by MS with selected ion monitoring.

RESULTSThe concentrations of 17 pesticides in whole blood were 1.0-5.0 mg/L, and the recovery rate was 41.3-102.1%, with a relative standard deviation of less than 10%in most pesticides. The 17 pesticides showed a good linear relationship between concentration and peak area within 0.5-5.0 mg/L, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9945-0.9994. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.02-0.05 mg/L and 0.05-0.09 mg/L, respectively.

CONCLUSIONWith this method, 17 pesticides in whole blood can be well separated and determined. This method has high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision and can be used for identification and quantification of multiple pesticides in blood samples.

Blood Chemical Analysis ; methods ; Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Humans ; Pesticides ; blood