No abstract available.
Auscultation* ; Heart*

Artificial Intelligence ; Auscultation

This research is about embodiment of system to support auscultation education more effectively. Cardiac sound data that is stored to PC made many learner deliver by wireless system. For this system we developed a special radio transmitter receiver and a program to manage and remake data. Because of selecting radio system, there is no limitation of establishment and education place. also through web server database and update of data are available. For this reason we can add cardiac sound data newly in education. In case of utilizing existent electron stethoscope in auscultation education, the biggest demerit is that do not deliver sense of sound of actuality stethoscope properly. But radio receiving apparatus that we developed is no difference with sense of sound of cardiac through actuality stethoscope and did so that heighten effect of auscultation education.
Auscultation ; Education ; Heart Sounds ; Stethoscopes

This research is about embodiment of system to support auscultation education more effectively. Cardiac sound data that is stored to PC made many learner deliver by wireless system. For this system we developed a special radio transmitter receiver and a program to manage and remake data. Because of selecting radio system, there is no limitation of establishment and education place. also through web server database and update of data are available. For this reason we can add cardiac sound data newly in education. In case of utilizing existent electron stethoscope in auscultation education, the biggest demerit is that do not deliver sense of sound of actuality stethoscope properly. But radio receiving apparatus that we developed is no difference with sense of sound of cardiac through actuality stethoscope and did so that heighten effect of auscultation education.
Auscultation ; Education ; Heart Sounds ; Stethoscopes

BACKGROUND: In pediatric anesthesia, a method using deliberate endobronchial intubation and auscultation has been used for proper endotracheal tube depth. Tube size, however, may influence on auscultation for air leak between the tube and main bronchus. We attempted to ascertain whether the uncuffed tracheal tube (TT) size affects verifying tube placement by auscultation in children. METHODS: In 23 children, we measured the distance from the carina to the tip of a tube when the first auscultatory sound could be detected on the left chest and when the breathing sound of both chests equalized during withdrawal from right main bronchus. Then, we compared them with those of either a one-size larger or a one-size smaller tube. RESULTS: The distance from the carina to the tip at the first sound was significantly longer in the smaller tracheal tube (1.8 cm vs 1.5 cm, P = 0.01). The tube tip at the equalized breath sounds was 0.6 cm below the carina in both tubes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that detecting endobronchial intubation may be more difficult when using uncuffed tracheal tubes with one-size smaller tube and that auscultation with deliberate bronchial intubation can place the uncuffed TT deeper than an intended depth.
Anesthesia ; Auscultation* ; Bronchi ; Child* ; Humans ; Intubation ; Respiratory Sounds ; Thorax

Mercury sphygmomanometer based on traditional auscultation method is widely used in primary medical institutions in China, but a large amount of blood pressure data can not be directly recorded and applied in scientific research analysis, meanwhile auscultation data is the clinical standard to verify the accuracy of non-invasive electronic sphygmomanometer. Focusing on this, we designed a miniature non-invasive blood pressure measurement and verification system, which can assist doctors to record blood pressure data automatically during the process of auscultation. Through the data playback function,the software of this system can evaluate and verify the blood pressure algorithm of oscillographic method, and then continuously modify the algorithm to improve the measurement accuracy. This study introduces the hardware selection and software design process in detail. The test results show that the system meets the requirements of relevant standards and has a good application prospect.
Auscultation ; Blood Pressure/physiology* ; Blood Pressure Determination ; Oscillometry ; Sphygmomanometers

Bowel sounds is an important indicator to monitor and reflect intestinal motor function, and traditional manual auscultation requires high professional knowledge and rich clinical experience of doctors. In addition, long-time auscultation is time-consuming and laborious， which may lead to misjudgment caused by subjective error. To solve the problem, firstly, the wavelet transform is used to preprocess the bowel sounds signal for noise reduction and enhancement. Secondly, three typical features of intestinal sound were extracted. According to the combination of these features, a three-stage decision was designed to carry out multi-parameter and multi-feature joint threshold detection. This algorithm realized the detection of bowel sound signal and the location of its start and end points, making it possible that the complete bowel sound signal was extracted effectively. In this study, a large number of clinical data and label of bowel sounds were collected, and a new effective evaluation method was proposed to verify the proposed method. The accuracy rate is 83.51%. Results of this study will provide systematic support and theoretical guarantee for the diagnosis of intestinal diseases and the monitoring of postoperative intestinal function recovery of patients.
Algorithms ; Auscultation ; Humans ; Intestines ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Wavelet Analysis

Child ; Humans ; Stethoscopes ; Respiratory Sounds ; Auscultation ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; Electronics

BACKGROUND: In elderly asthmatics, underdiagnosis is one of the most important feature. The main reason of underdiagnosis is thought to be decreases in complaining of symptoms by reduction of intellectual faculties or physical activity. Among various symptoms, wheezing is the principal clue in diagnosing bronchial asthma, and decreases in wheezing complaints are also noted in elderly asthmatics. The objective of this study is to determine whether decreases in wheezing complaints in elderly asthmatic is due to decrease in the development of wheezing or decrease in the perception of wheezing. METHODS: Sixty one young(20-39 years old), 68 middle aged(40-59 years old), and 65 elderly(older than 60 years) stable asthmatic subjects were studied. During methacholine challenge test, lung auscultation and questionnaire survey about presence and perception of wheezing were conducted. RESULTS: One hundred sixty nine patients (87%) developed wheezing during the methacholine challenge test. Development of wheezing during methacholine challenge test was not different between groups. The methacholine concentration, % fall in FEV1, and FEV1% at first detection of wheezing were not different between groups. Among the patients who developed wheezing, 47 patients (90%), 42 patients (74%), and 26 patients (46%) felt wheezing in young, middle, and old age groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the perception of wheezing are more decreased in elderly asthmatics compared to those in younger patients.
Aged* ; Asthma ; Auscultation ; Humans ; Lung ; Methacholine Chloride ; Motor Activity ; Respiratory Sounds* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: This randomized single-blinded, cross-over study was done to evaluate the influence of the size of tracheal tubes on air leaks around the cuffs. METHODS: In a benchtop model, the number of longitudinal folds on the cuffs was evaluated for different sizes of tracheal tubes. In an anesthetized patient study, thirty patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were included. After induction of anesthesia, the trachea was intubated with two sizes of tracheal tubes in a random sequence: in men, internal diameter of 7.5 mm and 8.0 mm; in women, internal diameter of 7.0 mm and 7.5 mm. After tracheal intubation with each tube, air leak pressures were evaluated at intracuff pressures of 20, 25 and 30 cmH2O by auscultation. To calculate the tracheal tube resistance (R), an inspiratory pause of 20% was applied and the resulting peak airway pressure (Ppeak), plateau pressure (Ppl) and mean expiratory tidal volume (Flow) were inserted in the formula R = (Ppeak - Ppl)/Flow. RESULTS: More longitudinal folds of the tracheal tube cuffs occurred in larger sized tubes compared to the smaller ones in a benchtop model. Air leakage was significantly less for the smaller tracheal tubes than for the larger ones for each gender at intracuff pressures of 20, 25 and 30 cmH2O. Tracheal tube resistances were not significantly altered by the size of tracheal tube. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a smaller tracheal tube within an acceptable size can reduce air leakage around the cuff without significantly changing the tracheal tube resistance.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Auscultation ; Cross-Over Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation ; Male ; Tidal Volume ; Trachea