No abstract available.
Achromobacter denitrificans* ; Achromobacter* ; Endophthalmitis*

Aims: This study aims to produce Achromobacter biosurfactant in nutrient-rich and nutrient-limited media. Methodology and results: This study conducted fermentation on nutrient-rich and nutrient-limited media using a minimal salt medium (MSM). Dextrose and sodium citrate were used as sole carbon supplemented with 0.5% yeast extract for nutrient-rich media, while nutrient-limited media used molasses and rice straw hydrolysate (RSH) at variations of concentrations of 100 ppm and 200 ppm. The research was performed over 120 h and evaluated from growth response, surface tension and emulsification activity. The study revealed that the best surface tension value was when 2% (w/v) sodium citrate was used as C-source and 0.5% (w/v) yeast extract as N-source, after 72 h upon incubation at 30 °C/120 rpm having 45.45 ± 2.19 mN/m with emulsification activity 24.54 ± 3.42%. Whereas the best result of the nutrient-limited medium was obtained by RSH at a concentration of 200 ppm having 48.86 ± 5.36 mN/m. Conclusion, significance and impact of study The experiment showed that nutrient-limited medium from rice straw hydrolysate could compete with the nutrient-rich medium. The use of rice straw will contribute to the reduction of biosurfactant production costs and valorisation of agricultural waste.
Achromobacter denitrificans ; Surface-Active Agents

Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an opportunistic organism, mainly causing infection in immune compromised hosts, such as patients on dialysis. However, review of the medical literature showed that few cases of A. xylosoxidans infections following total knee arthroplasty have been reported. This organism has not been reported in prosthetic joint infections of patients who are not immune compromised. Here, a case of periprosthetic infection with A. xylosoxidans following total knee arthroplasty in a man with no medical history of immune suppression is reported.
Achromobacter denitrificans* ; Arthroplasty* ; Dialysis ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee*

PURPOSE: To report a case of chronic dacryocystitis caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans. CASE SUMMARY: A 73-year-old female was referred to our clinic for management of chronic dacryosyctitis from which she did not to recover despite empirical therapy. A. xylosoxidans was isolated from purulent discharge. Based on the results of susceptibility testing, therapy was changed to fortified ceftazidime eye-drop 6 times a day and intravenous tazocin 4.5 g/20 ml (piperacillin 2 g/tazobactam 0.25 g) 3 times a day. All symptoms were resolved after treatment with sensitive antibiotics and external dacryocystorhinostomy. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first report of A. xylosoxidans dacryocystitis. A. xylosoxidans are rare but potential pathogens which cause dacryocystitis. The cultures and sensitivity test were collected and processed to detect the presence of unusual pathogens in a case with persistent infection despite conventional treatment.
Achromobacter ; Achromobacter denitrificans ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ceftazidime ; Dacryocystitis ; Female ; Humans ; Penicillanic Acid ; Piperacillin

Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an aerobic gram-negative bacillus that may cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromized patients and newborns. Neonatal scalp abscess is generally a complication of fetal scalp monitoring and is typically polymicrobial. We present a case of a newborn, delivered by vacuum extraction, who developed a scalp abscess that yielded growth of Achromobacter xylosoxidans.
Abscess* ; Achromobacter denitrificans* ; Achromobacter* ; Bacillus ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Opportunistic Infections ; Scalp* ; Vacuum*

BACKGROUND: The dissemination of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producing gram-negative bacilli is of great concern because MBL can hydrolyze carbapenem. We report herein the infection by VIM-2 type MBL producing Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For seven A. xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans with reduced imipenem susceptibility, the detection for MBL was performed using EDTA double disk synergy test (EDTA- DDS) and the PCR for IMP-1, VIM-1 and VIM-2 genes. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MBL producers were determined by microbroth dilution methods. The DNA fingerprinting analysis was performed by random amplified polymorphic DNA. RESULTS: All seven isolates were MBL producers when tested with EDTA-DDS test and these isolates were VIM-2 type confirmed by the PCR and DNA sequencing analysis. The MIC against imipenem ranged from 16 to 32 microgram/mL in these isolates. The DNA fingerprints of these isolates were identical. CONCLUSION: A. xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans manifest resistance against imipenem by acquisition of VIM-2 type MBL. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the VIM-2 type MBL producing A. xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans.
Achromobacter denitrificans* ; Achromobacter* ; DNA ; DNA Fingerprinting ; Edetic Acid ; Imipenem ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

BACKGROUND: The dissemination of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producing gram-negative bacilli is of great concern because MBL can hydrolyze carbapenem. We report herein the infection by VIM-2 type MBL producing Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For seven A. xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans with reduced imipenem susceptibility, the detection for MBL was performed using EDTA double disk synergy test (EDTA- DDS) and the PCR for IMP-1, VIM-1 and VIM-2 genes. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MBL producers were determined by microbroth dilution methods. The DNA fingerprinting analysis was performed by random amplified polymorphic DNA. RESULTS: All seven isolates were MBL producers when tested with EDTA-DDS test and these isolates were VIM-2 type confirmed by the PCR and DNA sequencing analysis. The MIC against imipenem ranged from 16 to 32 microgram/mL in these isolates. The DNA fingerprints of these isolates were identical. CONCLUSION: A. xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans manifest resistance against imipenem by acquisition of VIM-2 type MBL. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the VIM-2 type MBL producing A. xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans.
Achromobacter denitrificans* ; Achromobacter* ; DNA ; DNA Fingerprinting ; Edetic Acid ; Imipenem ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Bacterial peritonitis is a well-recognized complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in patients with end-stage renal failure. Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans is a catalase and oxidase positive, motile, nonfermentative and gram-negative rod bacterium that is a rare pathogen in humans and has rarely been reported as an opportunistic human pathogen. We present a case of peritonitis due to unusual pathogens, Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans. A 49-year-old diabetic man undergoing CAPD for 90 days developed the first peritonitis due to Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans. A. xylosoxidans was detected from a culture of peritoneal fluid. Susceptible antibiotic treatment was provided.
Achromobacter ; Achromobacter denitrificans ; Ascitic Fluid ; Catalase ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Middle Aged ; Oxidoreductases ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory ; Peritonitis

PURPOSE: To report a case of corneal ulcer caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans in a farmer. CASE SUMMARY: A previously healthy 68-year-old man presented with unilateral redness and irritation after his eye was grazed by a cow's tail. The patient had previously been treated in a local clinic for four days without improvement. Bacterial staining, culture, and an antibiotic sensitivity test were performed from a corneal scrape. The cultures revealed growth of A. xylosoxidans. The patient was treated with moxifloxacin and ceftazidime eyedrops. After three months of treatment, the infection was resolved with mild scarring. CONCLUSIONS: Although it is a rare pathogen, A. xylosoxidans should be considered as a potential pathogen in patients presenting with corneal ulceration due to trauma from an object contaminated by soil or animal feces and having a slowly progressive disease and localized infiltrate but showing Gram-negative bacilli on smear examination.
Achromobacter ; Achromobacter denitrificans ; Aged ; Animals ; Aza Compounds ; Ceftazidime ; Corneal Ulcer ; Eye ; Feces ; Humans ; Keratitis ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Quinolines ; Soil ; Tail

Achromobacter denitrificans ; Adult ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections ; complications ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; etiology ; Liver Abscess ; microbiology ; Male