Diagnosis and treatment of hypertonic dehydration in the elderly
10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-9026.2023.05.021
- VernacularTitle:老年人失水性脱水的诊断与治疗
- Author:
Daxin GUO
1
;
Xiaoli HUANG
Author Information
1. 四川大学华西医院老年医学中心/国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心，成都 610041
- Keywords:
Water-loss dehydration;
Hydration
- From:
Chinese Journal of Geriatrics
2023;42(5):598-602
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Hypertonic dehydration is prevalent in the elderly, increases the risk of adverse events, reduces quality of life, and increases hospitalization and mortality.Current methods of diagnosing dehydration, such as physical signs, urine tests, urea nitrogen/creatinine, bioelectrical impedance and saliva, are not suitable for the diagnosis of dehydration in the elderly.There is no gold standard for the diagnosis of hypertonic dehydration in the elderly.The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism(ESPEN)recommends the direct measurement of plasma/serum osmotic pressure or using an osmotic pressure formula[osmolarity(mmol/L)=1.86 ×(Na + + K + )+ 1.15×glucose+ urea+ 14](all measured in mmol/L)for the diagnosis of hypertonic dehydration.
