Research progress in the pathogenesis of extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma
10.3760/cma.j.cn371439-20220520-00011
- VernacularTitle:多发性骨髓瘤髓外病变发病机制的研究进展
- Author:
Jianhao ZHAO
1
;
Yanchao DUAN
Author Information
1. 山东第一医科大学第二附属医院血液内科，泰安 271000
- Keywords:
Multiple myeloma;
Neoplasm metastasis;
Cytokines;
Neoplasm invasiveness
- From:
Journal of International Oncology
2023;50(1):55-59
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Multiple myeloma (MM) lesions are mostly localized in the marrow. Extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma (MM-EMD) is defined as malignant plasma cell infiltration away from the bone marrow or adjacent soft tissue, may occur at the initial diagnosis or during the consultation. MM-EMD may be found at initial diagnosis or during the treatment. MM-EMD has high invasiveness and poor prognosis, with clinical behavior distinct from marrow-restricted myeloma. However, its pathogenesis has not been elucidated. In general, the obstructed homing of myeloma cells, enhanced invasiveness, the degradation of extracellular matrix, and increased angiogenesis capacity may be involved in the occurrence of MM-EMD. Tumor genetic abnormalities and changes in the bone marrow microenvironment play important roles in the above pathogenesis.
