The impact of lipids on the cancer-immunity cycle and strategies for modulating lipid metabolism to improve cancer immunotherapy.
10.1016/j.apsb.2022.10.027
- Author:
Mingming ZHENG
1
;
Wenxin ZHANG
1
;
Xi CHEN
1
;
Hongjie GUO
1
;
Honghai WU
1
;
Yanjun XU
2
;
Qiaojun HE
1
;
Ling DING
1
;
Bo YANG
1
Author Information
1. Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
2. Department of Medical Thoracic Oncology, the Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China.
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Cancer–immunity cycle;
Cholesterol;
Combination therapy;
Fatty acids;
Immunotherapy;
Lipids;
Prostaglandin E2;
Tumor immune escape
- From:
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B
2023;13(4):1488-1497
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Lipids have been found to modulate tumor biology, including proliferation, survival, and metastasis. With the new understanding of tumor immune escape that has developed in recent years, the influence of lipids on the cancer-immunity cycle has also been gradually discovered. First, regarding antigen presentation, cholesterol prevents tumor antigens from being identified by antigen presenting cells. Fatty acids reduce the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I and costimulatory factors in dendritic cells, impairing antigen presentation to T cells. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) reduce the accumulation of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells. Regarding T-cell priming and activation, cholesterol destroys the structure of the T-cell receptor and reduces immunodetection. In contrast, cholesterol also promotes T-cell receptor clustering and relative signal transduction. PGE2 represses T-cell proliferation. Finally, regarding T-cell killing of cancer cells, PGE2 and cholesterol weaken granule-dependent cytotoxicity. Moreover, fatty acids, cholesterol, and PGE2 can improve the activity of immunosuppressive cells, increase the expression of immune checkpoints and promote the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines. Given the regulatory role of lipids in the cancer-immunity cycle, drugs that modulate fatty acids, cholesterol and PGE2 have been envisioned as effective way in restoring antitumor immunity and synergizing with immunotherapy. These strategies have been studied in both preclinical and clinical studies.
