Liver cell therapies: cellular sources and grafting strategies.
10.1007/s11684-023-1002-1
- Author:
Wencheng ZHANG
1
;
Yangyang CUI
1
;
Yuan DU
1
;
Yong YANG
1
;
Ting FANG
1
;
Fengfeng LU
1
;
Weixia KONG
2
;
Canjun XIAO
3
;
Jun SHI
4
;
Lola M REID
5
;
Zhiying HE
6
Author Information
1. Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China.
2. Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
3. Department of General Surgery, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Ji'an, 343006, China.
4. The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
5. Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. stemcell@med.unc.edu.
6. Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China. zyhe@tongji.edu.cn.
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
cholangiocytes;
hepatocytes;
liver regeneration;
organoids;
regulatory mechanisms;
stem cells;
transplantation/grafting strategies
- MeSH:
Humans;
Liver/surgery*;
Hepatocytes/transplantation*;
Stem Cells/metabolism*;
Liver Diseases/surgery*
- From:
Frontiers of Medicine
2023;17(3):432-457
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
The liver has a complex cellular composition and a remarkable regenerative capacity. The primary cell types in the liver are two parenchymal cell populations, hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, that perform most of the functions of the liver and that are helped through interactions with non-parenchymal cell types comprising stellate cells, endothelia and various hemopoietic cell populations. The regulation of the cells in the liver is mediated by an insoluble complex of proteins and carbohydrates, the extracellular matrix, working synergistically with soluble paracrine and systemic signals. In recent years, with the rapid development of genetic sequencing technologies, research on the liver's cellular composition and its regulatory mechanisms during various conditions has been extensively explored. Meanwhile breakthroughs in strategies for cell transplantation are enabling a future in which there can be a rescue of patients with end-stage liver diseases, offering potential solutions to the chronic shortage of livers and alternatives to liver transplantation. This review will focus on the cellular mechanisms of liver homeostasis and how to select ideal sources of cells to be transplanted to achieve liver regeneration and repair. Recent advances are summarized for promoting the treatment of end-stage liver diseases by forms of cell transplantation that now include grafting strategies.
