Effects of White Rice-Based Carbohydrates Diets on Body Weight  and Metabolic Parameters in Rats

Nur Maziah Hanum Osman; Barakatun-nisak Mohd Yusof; Subramaniam Jeevetha; Amin Ismail; Azrina Azlan; Goh Yong Meng; Nor Azmi Kamaruddin; Minato Wakisaka

Return

Effects of White Rice-Based Carbohydrates Diets on Body Weight and Metabolic Parameters in Rats

Author: Nur Maziah Hanum Osman ¹ ; Barakatun-Nisak Mohd Yusof ^{1
,

2} ; Subramaniam Jeevetha ¹ ; Amin Ismail ³ ; Azrina Azlan ³ ; Goh Yong Meng ⁴ ; Nor Azmi Kamaruddin ⁵ ; Minato Wakisaka ⁶
Author Information

1. Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor&
2. Institute for Social Science Studies, Putra Infoport, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor
3. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor
4. Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor
5. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
6. Graduate School of Life Sciences and System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Fukuoka 808-0196, Japan
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: White rice, Diabetes, Obesity, Insulin resistance, Blood glucose
From:Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2022;18(No.1):234-240
CountryMalaysia
Language:English
Abstract: Introduction: We clarified the extent to which white rice (WR)-based carbohydrate diets affect body weight and metabolic parameters in rats. Methods: In this experimental study, a male Sprague Dawley (n=32) rats fed with WRbased CHO diet in two different proportions of total energy intake (TEI 55% moderate-CHO (MCHO, n=8) and 65% High-CHO (HCHO, n=8)) or high-fat diet (HFD, n=8) were compared with rats maintained on standard pellet diet (SD, n=8) for eight weeks period. Carbohydrate sources in the HFD and SD were mainly based on cornstarch (25% of amylose). Outcomes measures include body weight and metabolic parameters. Results: At baseline, body weight and metabolic parameters (fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels) were comparable in all rats. Despite higher daily caloric intake in rats fed with HFD (103.9±3.0) than the other diets, no significant differences in body weight between groups after 8 weeks of study. However, rats’ feds with WR-based CHO diets (both moderate and high carbohydrates) had higher fasting blood glucose (MCHO=12.8±1.6, HCHO=16.9±2.4) and triglycerides level (MCHO=1.2±0.0, HCHO=1.3±0.0) than rats in cornstarch-based HFD and SD (p<0.05). Both HFD and HCHO had higher fasting insulin than MCHO and SD (p<0.05), but the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was significantly higher in WR-based CHO diets (both moderate and high carbohydrates) than the rats in cornstarch-based HFD and SD (p<0.05). Conclusion: A WR-based CHO diet exhibits higher fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and insulin resistance state than a high-fat diet without a significant impact on body weight. These findings may explain the growing incidence of diabetes in Asia and worth studying further.
Full text:11.2022my1204.pdf