Comparison variable glucose and fetus weight during pregnancy
- VernacularTitle:Жирэмсэн үеийн глюкозын өөрчлөлт болон ургийн жингийн харьцуулсан үнэлгээ
- Author:
Мudug E
1
;
Munkhtsetseg D
;
Bolorchimeg B
Author Information
1. MNUMS, SOM-Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
obesity;
overweight;
gestational diabetes mellitus;
overweight infant;
glucose tolerance test;
BMI
- From:Innovation
2019;13(1):30-34
- CountryMongolia
- Language:Mongolian
-
Abstract:
Background:According to the study conducted by International Diabetes Federation,
total of 127,1 million pregnant women were participated in the study and 21,7million (16,8%)
of them were diagnosed as Gestational diabetes mellitus.3
Maternal physical structure, figure and correlation between maternal anthropometrics and fetal measurements influence directly to fetal status, process of labor and termination of birth. During the period between 1950-1960, it was described for the very first time that gestational diabetes mellitus
can lead to infant overweight.4
Gestational diabetes is a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels after 24 weeks thus the risk to develop Diabetes mellitus type 2 increases. The average infant at right after birth weighs approximately 3200-3500 grams but sometimes infants with more than average weight are born. If infant weighs 4000-5000 grams and more than this, it is defined as overweighed. The infant’s weight depends on several factors. However, hereditary factors and blood glucose levels
are the main cause of infant’s overweight. According to study conducted by Koyanagi et al, 2003, maternal obesity, diabetes mellitus type 2, post term pregnancy, subsequent pregnancy, maternal and paternal height and weight, maternal older age and previous history of giving birth to overweight infant can lead to infant being born overweight.7
Methods:The study is made by using cross sectional method of analytic study and total
of 200 pregnant women from Khan-Uul, Bayangol, Chingeltey and Bayanzurkh districts
who were attending the first admission of pregnancy follow-ups. According to WHO
recommendation, we made diagnosis based on results of glucose tolerance test (blood
glucose measurement 2 hours after giving 75 grams of sugar orally). The body mass index
is calculated by using body weight and height as BMI. In full term birth, infant weighs less
than 3999 grams is normal and more than 4000 grams is termed as overweight infant
Results:Infant weight depends on maternal age and it is statistically significant (р<0.025). Pre
pregnancy weight and BMI are affecting the increasing level of blood glucose by statistically
significant (р<0.005) (table 3). In addition, maternal age (0.012) and Glucose tolerance test
(blood glucose level after 2 hours) (0.002) have direct correlation to infant weight and it is
statistically significant respectively.
96 of total (48.0%) pregnant women gave vaginal birth, 104 (52,0 %) of them have
undergone caesarean section. It seems, that as fetus weight rises, frequency of caesarean
section increases (table 5). Moreover, fetal weight depends on gestational physical
activities rather than frequency of pregnancy and gestational weight gain (р<0.002).
Conclusion:Women who gave birth to overweighed infant have higher fasting blood
glucose and glucose tolerance test (glucose level after 2 hours) results and higher index than
mean BMI. In other words, gestational diabetes mellitus is one of the risk factors which leads
to infant’s overweight.
- Full text:Innovation-2019-13(1);30-34.pdf
