Prevalence and Reasons of halitosis
- VernacularTitle:Амны эвгүй үнэрийн тархалт, шалтгаан
- Author:
Chinjargal N
1
;
Norovpil Ts
1
;
Otgonbold J
2
Author Information
1. Ach Medical University
2. Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Halitosis;
fetor oris;
fetor ex ore;
bad breath;
halitophobia;
organoleptic;
halitometer;
sulfuric gas
- From:Mongolian Medical Sciences
2019;190(4):19-25
- CountryMongolia
- Language:Mongolian
-
Abstract:
Introduction:Halitosis (Latin word: halitus – to breathe), osostomia, stomatodysodia (fetor oris, fetor ex ore) is
called bad breath. Halitosis prevalence has been found in European countries is 50-60%, in Germany
the percentage is 66.7%, in the U.S population the percentage is 10-30%, and in the Russia the
percentage is 30-50%. In Turkey, halitosis has been 14.5% among children and it has direct
association with their age, oral hygiene, and caries severity. Among world population, 80-90% people
have halitosis, and in terms of its prevalence it ranks after periodontal disease and dental caries
diseases. Thus, to determine halitosis among Mongolians might help improve oral hygiene, prevent
oral and other diseases.
Goal:To study assessed factors influenced halitosis and prevalence in Mongolia.
Materials and Methods:1492 patients who attended in dental clinic participated in this study. 16 questionary items were asked
from a total of 1492 patients aged 19-55 years old who had anxious of halitosis.
In clinical room, under the artificial light, using single-use examination tools, coloring-agent, periodontal
probe, tongue-scraper and halimeter were used.
The studying “Reasons and prevalence for halitosis” was estimated processing result with spss-17 program, and conducted a descriptive analysis of the quantitative data that was used the basic
biostatics method and indicated STUDENT- T criterion in the average data for the arithmetic in each
indicator, standard variance, standard error and real limits. Each indicator (M) Standard variance
Standard error (m) Real limits (c1-95%).
The ethics was discussed and approved in according to warrant by the Ethics Committee of Medical
University in Novosibirsk, №085, 2015.
Results:Total 816 people conducted in our study; from them 60% has bad breath complaint. Those who said
have bad breath, 24% don’t notice they have bad breath, 34% have noticed their bad breath and use
mouth rinse in order to get rid of their problem and have never sought medical treatment about it. 10%
people with halitosis have general factors causing this problem. These people had relatively healthy
mouth and 2.1% of them have halitophobia or fear of having bad breath and constantly get checked
with physician.
In our research, 20 to 50 and above year olds 816 people have included and out of them 40% were
male and 60% were female (Table 2). From them, 61% had bad breath and 39% had not (Figure 1). In males 68% had bad breath, in females 56% had bad breath and these occur to be caused by local
factors.
In finding causes of bad odors in people with halitosis, 90% had local problems and within local
problems; smoking, poor oral hygiene, caries complication, and gum inflammation predominantly
discovered. 10% had general and other problems of causes of bad breath (Figure 2).
In people with halitosis, 10% had found with general factors influencing their bad breath problem.
These people had relatively healthy mouth, and 2.1% of them have halitophobia or fear of having bad
breath and constantly get checked with physician.
Local factors influencing halitosis include; smoking (37%), bleeding gum (28%), tongue biofilm
(3.0+3.1), poor oral hygiene (1.5+1.4), periodontal pocket (4.2+3.87), denture (54.8%(.
Using organoleptic method of measuring mouth odor, the mean point was 2.25±2.3. Using halitometer,
average light sulfuric gas concentrate was 145±134.2 ppb. 20-29 year olds had 140±127.5, 30-39
year olds had 155±136.8, 40-49 year olds had 140±139.5, 50 and above aged people had 139±134.1
ppb, thus there were no association between age and mouth odor (Table 3).
Conclusion:1. The Halitus is occurred 61%, And 68% - men, 56% - women, that is more common in
Mongolian population.
2. The general condition of halitus that is taken 90% - oral environment, which of that is 37%
- smoking, 28% - bleeding of gingival, 3.0-3.1% - coating of tongue, 1.5+1.4% poor oral cares,
4.2+3.87% - dental pathology, and 54.8% - artificial teeth.
3. The oral offensive odor was evaluated by organoleptic method that was 2.25+2.3 in average
index (performance) and 145+134.2ppb in halitometres index.
- Full text:2019-190(4)-19-25.pdf
