Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) program in private hospitals in the Philippines: Its acceptability, barriers, and enablers
https://doi.org/10.56964/pidspj20202102004
- Author:
Marimel R. Pagcatipunan
1
;
Servando Halili Jr.
2
,
3
,
4
;
Rosemarie S. Arciaga
5
,
6
;
Sarah R. Makalinaw
6
,
7
;
Ma. Liza M. Gonzales
6
,
8
;
Robert Dennis Garcia
6
,
9
;
Cynthia Aguirre
6
,
10
;
Anna Lisa Ong-Lim
6
,
11
;
Imelda Luna
6
,
12
;
Elizabeth Gallardo
6
,
13
;
Jonathan Lim
6
,
14
;
Delta Aguilar
6
,
15
;
Nicole Pererras
6
,
16
Author Information
1. Associate Professor 3, Division of Infectious and Tropical Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
2. Fellow, Fulbright-CHED-MAEP and FAIMER Institute
3. Associate Professor 5, Zamboanga State College of Marine Sciences and Technology
4. Faculty (PT), School of Medicine, Ateneo de Zamboanga University, Zamboanga City, Philippines
5. Faculty, Ateneo de Zamboanga University-School of Medicine, Zamboanga City, Philippines
6. Fellow, Pediatric Infectious Disease Society of the Philippines and Philippine Pediatric Society
7. Active Consultant, The Medical City Ortigas and Victor R. Potenciano Medical Center, Medical Specialist II, Rizal Medical Center, Manila Philippines
8. Department of Pediatrics, Philippine General Hospital-College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
9. Section Chief, Pediatric Infectious Disease Makati Medical Center, Makati City
10. Consultant, Pediatric Infectious Disease, The Medical City Hospital
11. Assistant Professor, UP PGH, Consultant Pediatric Infectious Disease, Manila Medical Center and Metropolitan Medical Center, Manila
12. Assistant Professor and Head, Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, St Lukes Medical Center Quezon City
13. Professor, Past Chair, Department of Pediatrics Saint Louis University Hospital of the Sacred Heart, Baguio City
14. Consultant, Department of Pediatrics, Chong Hua Medical Center, Cebu City
15. Consultant, Department of Pediatrics, Davao Doctors Medical Center, Davao City
16. Consultant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Perpetual Help DALTA, Las Pinas City, Metro Manila
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH:
Physicians;
Multicenter Studies as Topic
- From:
Pediatric Infectious Disease Society of the Philippines Journal
2020;21(2):24-38
- CountryPhilippines
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Background:Antimicrobials are drugs that are often misused and inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing often results in poor clinical outcome and drug resistance. Monitoring and regulation of antimicrobial use is currently being done by the Department of Health through the Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) Program. There is a need to determine the factors that affect successful implementation of an AMS program in private hospitals in the Philippines. This study was conducted to identify the enablers and potential barriers in implementing an AMS program in nine (9) private hospitals.
Methodology:A concurrent mixed methods design was used to assess various stakeholders’ (physicians, administrators, other AMS members) perceptions of existing or proposed AMS programs, and to identify barriers and enablers in their implementation. Quantitative data were collected using self-administered survey questionnaire to assess clinician’s acceptance of AMS programs. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured one-on-one interviews of clinicians and other AMS personnel and focus group discussions (FGD) of selected clinician groups. Data were gathered from October 2018 to October 2019.
Results:409 clinicians were surveyed, 52 were interviewed and 46 sat for 13 sessions of FGDs. Overall, the survey established that physicians were well aware of antimicrobial resistance problem. Majority of the clinicians indicated general agreement with the currently practiced antimicrobial protocols in their hospitals and with the AMS program. However, there were disagreements in perceptions with how antimicrobial restrictions impair prescribing practices and overuse of the same. These responses were strong points of discussion during the Key Informant Interviews (KII) and FGDs. All respondents were amenable with the institutionalization of an AMS program in their hospitals. The hospital leadership’s commitment was determined to be the key enabler of a successful AMS program’s implementation. Barriers identified for hospitals with existing AMS programs were: lack of dedicated staff, resistance and/or non-cooperation of physicians, lack of support from non-medical departments, and inadequate cooperation between hospital personnel. Barriers identified, regardless of the status of the AMS programs were: deficiency in knowledge with developing and implementing an AMS program, inadequate information dissemination, unavailability of an IT-based monitoring for antibiotic use, and the influence of pharmaceutical companies on stakeholders with regards to antimicrobial use.
Conclusion:Similar enablers and barriers to a successful implementation of an AMS program were seen in the different hospitals. A hospital leadership’s commitment was determined to be the key enabler. The success or failure of any AMS program appears to depend on physician understanding, commitment and support for such a program. By involving the main players in an AMS program- the hospital administrators, clinicians and other key members, perceived barriers will be better identified and overcome, and enablers will help allow a successful implementation of an AMS program. This multi-center study was funded by Philippine Council on Health Research and Development ( PCHRD) and Pediatric Infectious Disease Society of the Philippines ( PIDSP) and was conducted by the PIDSP Research Committee.
- Full text:004_Vol-21-No-2_Pagcatipunan_AMS_formattedv2.pdf
