INTRODUCTION: More than 90 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae have been identified. Since the introduction of pneumococcal vaccines, the epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae has changed specifically the serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of this organism.
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the serotype distribution according to certain clinical factors and antimicrobial resistance of profiles of Streptococcus pneumoniae in hospitalized patients with invasive pneumococcal disease in Vicente Sotto Memorial Medical Center for the year 2014-2015.
METHODS: The study design is a retrospective, hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study. Included in this study are all 71 patients 50 years and older with invasive pneumococcal disease. A case report form was used to collect data from the charts of previously admitted patients. Serotypes and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolates were obtained from the RITM database.
RESULTS: The three most common serotypes isolated from patients were serotypes 3,4 and 18, comprising 29.58% of the isolates. Only serotype 7 was found in a patient with septic shock. Serotypes 4,7,18 and 34 were present among those who died within 72 hours of admission. Among the antibiotics tested, tetracycline has a resistance rate of 11.29%.
CONCLUSION: There were a total of 21 different serotypes found in this study. Most of the serotypes were covered by the current pneumococcal vaccines that are commonly given in family practice. Most of the serotypes present were found among those who improved and were eventually discharged. Tetracycline was found to have the highest resistance rate among the antibiotics tested.