Rearrangement of T cell receptor genes Tcra and Tcrd and its regulatory mechanism
10.3760/cma.j.cn112309-20211103-00367
- VernacularTitle:T细胞受体基因Tcra和Tcrd的重排过程及其调节机制
- Author:
Yongchang ZHU
1
;
Bingtao HAO
Author Information
1. 郑州大学人民医院，河南省遗传性疾病功能基因组重点实验室，河南省医学遗传研究所，郑州 450000
- Keywords:
T cell receptor gene;
V(D)J rearrangement;
Chromatin conformation;
CTCF-Cohesin;
RAG
- From:
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
2022;42(9):737-743
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
The high diversity of T cell receptors (TCRs) is the basis for recognizing antigens, playing an essential role in adaptive immunity. TCR diversity is generated from V(D)J rearrangement during the thymocyte development in the thymus. Standing out from the four TCR genes, Tcra and Tcrd genes are characterized by locating at the same locus and sharing specific V genes. Hence, their rearrangement and regulation have a certain particularity. Previous studies mainly focused on cis-regulatory elements and trans-acting factors regulating the Tcra/ Tcrd rearrangement. However, recent progress has shown that chromatin spatial organization plays an essential role in antigen receptor gene rearrangement. Chromatin organization proteins, such as CTCF-Cohesin, are involved in regulating rearrangement and enhancing the diversity of TCR repertoire by loop extrusion. Recombinase RAG also scans chromatin of antigen receptor genes for rearrangement. This review described the progress in the rearrangement of Tcra and Tcrd genes and the possible regulatory mechanism, especially the influence of the chromatin spatial organization.
