Evaluation of antibody responses to two-dose inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with HIV-1 or chronic HBV infection: a single-center retrospective cohort study
10.3760/cma.j.cn112309-20220505-00144
- VernacularTitle:HIV-1和慢性HBV感染者接种两剂SARS-CoV-2灭活疫苗后抗体反应水平评价：一项单中心回顾性队列研究
- Author:
Yan YAN
1
;
Shiliang ZHANG
;
Davgadorj CHANTSALMAA
;
Wei CHEN
;
Bin LIU
;
Yong REN
;
Xu WANG
;
Chunyan LYU
;
Lina GE
;
Hangyuan WU
Author Information
1. 无锡市第五人民医院感染与免疫实验室，无锡 214016
- Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2;
Inactivated vaccine;
Neutralizing antibody;
HIV-1;
HBV
- From:
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology
2022;42(9):691-698
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines in patients with HIV-1 or chronic HBV infection through observing the dynamic changes in antibody responses to two-dose inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.Methods:This cohort study recruited 169 people (including 39 with HIV-1 infection, 36 with chronic HBV infection and 94 individuals without chronic diseases) who completed two doses (prime and boost) of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination from January to December 2021. The levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies at 14 d, one month and two months after boosting and neutralizing antibodies at one month were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay and competitive ELISA method.Results:The positive rates of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the HIV-1 and HBV groups were higher at one month after booster immunization, but significantly decreases at two months. The double-negative rate of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies was higher in the HIV-1 and HBV groups than in the control group. The single positive rate of IgG antibody at one month in the control group was 2.01-fold higher than that of the HIV-1 group and 3.17-fold higher than that of the HBV group. The single positive rate of IgG antibody in people aged 18-39 years in each group was higher than that in the 40-59 age group. The antibody persistence was better in the HBV group than in the HIV-1 group, and the levels of IgG antibody in the HBV group was higher than that in the HIV-1 group. The neutralizing capacity of serum antibodies was significantly lower in the HIV-1 group than in the other groups ( P<0.000 1). The inhibition rate of serum neutralizing antibodies in the HBV group was lower than that in the control group among people aged 18-39 years [(34.050±6.031)% vs (64.220±3.845)%, t=4.43, P<0.000 1]. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were induced in 73.08% (19/26) of the patients aged 18-39 years in the HIV-1 group and 80.00% (4/5) in the HBV group. Conclusions:There were differences in the antibody responses to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines between different age groups, and infectious diseases affected the positive rates of antibodies and the neutralizing capability against SARS-CoV-2.
