Ischemic stroke in a young patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection due to middle cerebral artery dissection: a case report

VernacularTitle:大脑中动脉夹层伴人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的青年卒中1例
Author: Jin HOU ¹ ; Jian WANG ; Yukun GUO ; Heng LI
Author Information

1. 山东第一医科大学附属中心医院神经内科，济南　250013
Keywords: Infarction, middle cerebral artery; Artery dissection; HIV
From: Chinese Journal of Neurology 2022;55(12):1419-1422
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Middle cerebral artery dissection is an uncommon cause of ischemic stroke in young adults, which is extremely rare in the case that it occurs in HIV-infected patients. This article reported a 26-year-old acute cerebral infarction patient with HIV antigen/antibody-positive who started with capsular warning syndrome and progressed to right basal ganglia cerebral infarction. The high-resolution vessel wall imaging showed the characteristic findings of middle cerebral artery dissection including "double luminal" and "intimal flap" signs. The coexistence of HIV-associated vasculopathy and hypertension with high blood pressure variability contributed to the occurrence of middle cerebral artery dissection in the patient. Combined with literature reports, this paper will further explore the relationship between HIV infection and cerebrovascular disease and the possible mechanism of middle cerebral artery dissection.