Esculetin inhibits N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotoxicity via glutathione preservation in primary cortical cultures.
10.5625/lar.2011.27.3.259
- Author:
Chang Ryul LEE
1
;
Eun Joo SHIN
;
Hyoung Chun KIM
;
Yeon Sik CHOI
;
Taekyun SHIN
;
Myung Bok WIE
Author Information
1. College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea. mbwie@kangwon.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Letter
- Keywords:
Esculetin;
N-methyl-D-aspartate;
L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine;
lipoxygenase;
cortical cultures
- MeSH:
Arachidonic Acid;
Brain;
Glutathione;
Glutathione Reductase;
Kainic Acid;
Lipoxygenase;
N-Methylaspartate;
Neurodegenerative Diseases;
Neurons;
Oxidoreductases;
Peroxidase;
Reactive Oxygen Species;
Umbelliferones
- From:Laboratory Animal Research
2011;27(3):259-263
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Recently, loss of endogenous glutathione during N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated excitotoxic injury, and the resultant overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through an arachidonic acid cascade process in brain, have been implicated in neuronal damage in various neurodegenerative diseases. Glutathione depletion induced by L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of glutathione synthesis, is known to cause arachidonic acid-mediated excitotoxicity in primary mixed cortical cultures. The aim of this study was to investigate whether esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin), an inhibitor of lipoxygenase, protects against neurotoxicity induced by NMDA or BSO. We observed that neurotoxicity induced by NMDA but not kainic acid was attenuated by esculetin. At the same concentration (100 microM), esculetin attenuated the 45Ca2+ uptake elevation induced by NMDA. Free radical-mediated neuronal injury induced by H2O2 and xanthine/xanthine oxidase was concentration-dependently blocked by esculetin. Esculetin (1-30 microM) dose-dependently inhibited BSO-induced neuronal injury. In addition, arachidonate-induced neurotoxicity was completely blocked by esculetin. BSO also reduced glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, but did not change glutathione reductase (GR) activity 24 h after treatment. Esculetin dose-dependently increased GR activity, but did not alter GPx activity. These findings suggest that esculetin can contribute to the rescue of neuronal cells from NMDA neurotoxicity and that this protective effect occurs partly through NMDA receptor modulation and the sparing of glutathione depletion.
