Attentional Bias and Time Course towards Emotional Faces in College Students with Different Rumination Type
10.13471/j.cnki.j.sun.yat-sen.univ（med.sci）.2022.0610
- VernacularTitle:不同反刍思维类型大学生对情绪面孔的注意偏向及时间进程
- Author:
Xi FAN
1
;
Xiao-le LI
1
;
Yu-xuan WEN
1
;
Zi-yin YANG
1
;
Hui WANG
2
Author Information
1. Faculty of Applied Psychology， Guangzhou Medical University， Guangzhou 511436， China
2. General and Biological Psychology， University of Wuppertal， Wuppertal 42119， Germany
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
rumination;
attentional bias;
emotional faces;
eye-tracking technology;
college students
- From:
Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Medical Sciences)
2022;43(6):946-957
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the attentional bias and its time course towards emotional faces in three different rumination types of college students. MethodsThe positive and negative rumination scale was used to identify three rumination types among college students， and we selected 28 students from each type to explore attentional bias within a dot probe paradigm combined with eye-tracking techonology. The emotional stimuli included positive-neutral， negative-neutral and neutral-neutral emotional face pairs. ResultsThe reaction time indices showed that for negative-neutral face pairs， the effects of rumination type on bias index （BI） and disengaging index （DI） were statistically significant （F = 20.11，P < 0.001， η2 = 0.33）， （F = 11.46，P < 0.001， η2 = 0.22］. But no statistical significance was found for positive-neutral face pairs. BI （t = 7.06， P < 0.001， d = 1.34） and DI （t = 5.92， P < 0.001， d = 1.12） in the negative ruminators towards negative faces and BI in the positive ruminators towards positive faces （t = 2.78， P < 0.01， d = 0.53） were all statistically different from 0. No statistical difference between orienting index （OI） and 0 was found in three types towards any emotional stimuli （P > 0.05）. Eye movement indicators revealed that the probabilities of the first fixation were statistically different from 0.5 in all participants under all conditions and the deviation of first fixation latency was statistically different from 0 in normal ruminators tworards positive and negative faces. In all participants towards positive and negative faces， statistical differences were found between the deviation of first fixation duration and 0， the percentage of dwell time and 0.5； and the main effects of face pictures were observed （F = 8.24，P = 0.005， η2 = 0.033）， （F = 9.31，P = 0.003， η2 = 0.036）. ConclusionsReaction time indices showed that negative ruminators had attentional bias to negative stimuli， manifested as difficulty in disengaging attention， while positive ruminators had attentional bias to positive stimuli. Eye movement indicators showed that all types of ruminators had orienting bias of first fixation， initial and overall attention maintenance to emotional stimuli， and the attention maintenance effect towards negative stimuli was greater.
