Worldwide risk factors in leishmaniasis
10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.06.021
- Collective Name:Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University;Department of Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Emergence disease;
Leishmaniasis;
Risk factors;
Sandfly
- From:
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
2016;9(10):925-932
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Recently, vector-borne parasitic diseases such as leishmaniasis have been emerged or re-emerged in many geographical areas and resulted in global health and economic concerns that involve humans, domestic animals and wild life. The ecology and epidemiology of leishmaniasis are affected by the between host, reservoir and vector (human, animal and sandfly) and the environment. Important drivers for the emergence and spread of leishmaniasis include environmental factors such as alterations in temperature and water storage, irrigation habits, deforestation, climate changes, immunosuppression by HIV or organ transplant, development of drug resistance, increase traveling to endemic regions and dog importation. War, poor socio-economic status and low level household are also major contributors to the spread of this disease. Health education via the public media and training should be implemented by international organizations and governmental agencies in collaboration with research institutions. Fully protection during transmission season, using bednets and insecticides and reservoirs' control should be also mentioned in the planning. Based on the findings of the recent studies and high prevalence of leishmaniasis, it is concluded that serious public health monitoring should be considered.
