Time Series and Spatial Epidemiological Analysis of the Prevalence of Iodine Deficiency Disorders in China.

Li Jun FAN; Yun Yan GAO; Fan Gang MENG; Chang LIU; Lan Chun LIU; Yang DU; Li Xiang LIU; Ming LI; Xiao Hui SU; Shou Jun LIU; Peng LIU

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Time Series and Spatial Epidemiological Analysis of the Prevalence of Iodine Deficiency Disorders in China.

Author: Li Jun FAN ^{1
,

2} ; Yun Yan GAO ³ ; Fan Gang MENG ^{1
,

2} ; Chang LIU ³ ; Lan Chun LIU ³ ; Yang DU ^{1
,

2} ; Li Xiang LIU ^{1
,

2} ; Ming LI ^{1
,

2} ; Xiao Hui SU ^{1
,

2} ; Shou Jun LIU ^{1
,

2} ; Peng LIU ^{1
,

2}
Author Information

1. Institute of Iodine Deficiency Disorders, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
2. National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Key laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
3. Institute of Iodine Deficiency Disorders, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Iodine deficiency disorders; Reform for the salt industry system; Salt iodine; Space epidemiology; Time series analysis
MeSH: China/epidemiology*; Iodine; Prevalence; Sodium Chloride, Dietary; Spatial Analysis; Time Factors
From: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022;35(8):735-745
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract: OBJECTIVE:To recognize the spatial and temporal characteristics of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD), China national IDD surveillance data for the years of 1995-2018 were analyzed.
METHODS:Time series analysis was used to describe and predict the IDD related indicators, and spatial analysis was used to analyze the spatial distribution of salt iodine levels.
RESULTS:In China, the median urinary iodine concentration increased in 1995-1997, then decreased to adequate levels, and are expected to remain appropriate in 2019-2022. The goiter rate continually decreased and is expected to be maintained at a low level. Since 2002, the coverage rates of iodized salt and the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt (the percentage of qualified iodized salt in all tested salt) increased and began to decline in 2012; they are expected to continue to decrease. Spatial epidemiological analysis indicated a positive spatial correlation in 2016-2018 and revealed feature regarding the spatial distribution of salt related indicators in coastal areas and areas near iodine-excess areas.
CONCLUSIONS:Iodine nutrition in China showed gradual improvements. However, a recent decline has been observed in some areas following changes in the iodized salt supply in China. In the future, more regulations regarding salt management should be issued to strengthen IDD control and prevention measures, and avoid the recurrence of IDD.