Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cerebral Venous Thrombosis and Mortality

Thanh N Nguyen; Muhammad M Qureshi; Piers Klein; Hiroshi Yamagami; Mohamad Abdalkader; Robert Mikulik; Anvitha Sathya; Ossama Yassin Mansour; Anna Czlonkowska; LO Hannah; Thalia S Field; Andreas Charidimou; Soma Banerjee; Shadi Yaghi; James E Siegler; Petra Sedova; Joseph Kwan; Diana Aguiar DE Sousa; Jelle Demeestere; Violiza Inoa; Setareh Salehi Omran; Liqun Zhang; Patrik Michel; Davide Strambo; João Pedro Marto; Raul G Nogueira; Espen Saxhaug Kristoffersen; Georgios Tsivgoulis; Virginia Pujol Lereis; MA Alice; Christian Enzinger; Thomas Gattringer; Aminur Rahman; Thomas Bonnet; Noémie Ligot; Sylvie DE Raedt; Robin Lemmens; Peter Vanacker; Fenne Vandervorst; Adriana Bastos Conforto; Raquel CT Hidalgo; Daissy Liliana Mora Cuervo; Luciana DE Oliveira Neves; Isabelle Lameirinhas DA Silva; Rodrigo Targa Martíns; Letícia C Rebello; Igor Bessa Santiago; Teodora Sadelarova; Rosen Kalpachki; Filip Alexiev; Elena Adela Cora; Michael E Kelly; Lissa Peeling; Aleksandra Pikula; Hui-sheng Chen; Yimin Chen; Shuiquan Yang; Marina Roje Bedekovic; Martin Čabal; Dusan Tenora; Petr Fibrich; Pavel Dušek; Helena Hlaváčová; Emanuela Hrabanovska; Lubomír Jurák; Jana Kadlčíková; Igor Karpowicz; Lukáš Klečka; Martin Kovář; Jiří Neumann; Hana Paloušková; Martin Reiser; Vladimir Rohan; Libor Šimůnek; Ondreij Skoda; Miroslav Škorňa; Martin Šrámek; Nicolas Drenck; Khalid Sobh; Emilie Lesaine; Candice Sabben; Peggy Reiner; Francois Rouanet; Daniel Strbian; Stefan Boskamp; Joshua Mbroh; Simon Nagel; Michael Rosenkranz; Sven Poli; Götz Thomalla; Theodoros Karapanayiotides; Ioanna Koutroulou; Odysseas Kargiotis; Lina Palaiodimou; José Dominguo Barrientos Guerra; Vikram Huded; Shashank Nagendra; Chintan Prajapati; PN Sylaja; Achmad Firdaus Sani; Abdoreza Ghoreishi; Mehdi Farhoudi; Elyar Sadeghi Hokmabadi; Mazyar Hashemilar; Sergiu Ionut Sabetay; Fadi Rahal; Maurizio Acampa; Alessandro Adami; Marco Longoni; Raffaele Ornello; Leonardo Renieri; Michele Romoli; Simona Sacco; Andrea Salmaggi; Davide Sangalli; Andrea Zini; Kenichiro Sakai; Hiroki Fukuda; Kyohei Fujita; Hirotoshi Imamura; Miyake Kosuke; Manabu Sakaguchi; Kazutaka Sonoda; Yuji Matsumaru; Nobuyuki Ohara; Seigo Shindo; Yohei Takenobu; Takeshi Yoshimoto; Kazunori Toyoda; Takeshi Uwatoko; Nobuyuki Sakai; Nobuaki Yamamoto; Ryoo Yamamoto; Yukako Yazawa; Yuri Sugiura; Jang-hyun Baek; Si Baek Lee; Kwon-duk Seo; Sung-il Sohn; Jin Soo Lee; Anita Ante Arsovska; Chan Yong Chieh; Wan Asyraf Wan Zaidi; Wan Nur Nafisah Wan Yahya; Fernando Gongora-rivera; Manuel Martinez-marino; Adrian Infante-valenzuela; Diederik Dippel; Dianne HK Van Dam-nolen; Teddy Y WU; Martin Punter; Tajudeen Temitayo Adebayo; Abiodun H Bello; Taofiki Ajao Sunmonu; Kolawole Wasiu Wahab; Antje Sundseth; Amal M AL Hashmi; Saima Ahmad; Umair Rashid; Liliana Rodriguez-kadota; Miguel Ángel Vences; Patrick Matic Yalung; Jon Stewart Hao DY; Waldemar Brola; Aleksander Dębiec; Malgorzata Dorobek; Michal Adam Karlinski; Beata M Labuz-roszak; Anetta Lasek-bal; Halina Sienkiewicz-jarosz; Jacek Staszewski; Piotr Sobolewski; Marcin Wiącek; Justyna Zielinska-turek; André Pinho Araújo; Mariana Rocha; Pedro Castro; Patricia Ferreira; Ana Paiva Nunes; Luísa Fonseca; Teresa Pinho E Melo; Miguel Rodrigues; M Luis Silva; Bogdan Ciopleias; Adela Dimitriade; Cristian Falup-pecurariu; May Adel Hamid; Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian; Georgi Krastev; Jozef Haring; Oscar Ayo-martin; Francisco Hernandez-fernandez; Jordi Blasco; Alejandro Rodríguez-vázquez; Antonio Cruz-culebras; Francisco Moniche; Joan Montaner; Soledad Perez-sanchez; María Jesús García Sánchez; Marta Guillán Rodríguez; Gianmarco Bernava; Manuel Bolognese; Emmanuel Carrera; Anchalee Churojana; Ozlem Aykac; Atilla Özcan Özdemir; Arsida Bajrami; Songul Senadim; Syed I Hussain; Seby John; Kailash Krishnan; Robert Lenthall; Kaiz S Asif; Kristine Below; Jose Biller; Michael Chen; Alex Chebl; Marco Colasurdo; Alexandra Czap; Adam H DE Havenon; Sushrut Dharmadhikari; Clifford J Eskey; Mudassir Farooqui; Steven K Feske; Nitin Goyal; Kasey B Grimmett; Amy K Guzik; Diogo C Haussen; Majesta Hovingh; Dinesh Jillela; Peter T Kan; Rakesh Khatri; Naim N Khoury; Nicole L Kiley; Murali K Kolikonda; Stephanie Lara; LI Grace; Italo Linfante; Aaron I Loochtan; Carlos D Lopez; Sarah Lycan; Shailesh S Male; Fadi Nahab; Laith Maali; Hesham E Masoud; Jiangyong Min; Santiago Orgeta-gutierrez; Ghada A Mohamed; Mahmoud Mohammaden; Krishna Nalleballe; Yazan Radaideh; Pankajavalli Ramakrishnan; Bliss Rayo-taranto; Diana M Rojas-soto; Sean Ruland; Alexis N Simpkins; Sunil A Sheth; Amy K Starosciak; Nicholas E Tarlov; Robert A Taylor; Barbara Voetsch; Linda Zhang; Hai Quang Duong; Viet-phuong Dao; Huynh Vu LE; Thong Nhu Pham; Mai Duy Ton; Anh Duc Tran; Osama O Zaidat; Paolo Machi; Elisabeth Dirren; Claudio Rodríguez Fernández; Jorge Escartín López; Jose Carlos Fernández Ferro; Niloofar Mohammadzadeh; MD Neil C Suryadevara; Beatriz DE LA Cruz Fernández; Filipe Bessa; Nina Jancar; Megan Brady; Dawn Scozzari

Return

Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cerebral Venous Thrombosis and Mortality

Author: Thanh N. NGUYEN ¹ ; Muhammad M. QURESHI ; Piers KLEIN ; Hiroshi YAMAGAMI ; Mohamad ABDALKADER ; Robert MIKULIK ; Anvitha SATHYA ; Ossama Yassin MANSOUR ; Anna CZLONKOWSKA ; Hannah LO ; Thalia S. FIELD ; Andreas CHARIDIMOU ; Soma BANERJEE ; Shadi YAGHI ; James E. SIEGLER ; Petra SEDOVA ; Joseph KWAN ; Diana Aguiar DE SOUSA ; Jelle DEMEESTERE ; Violiza INOA ; Setareh Salehi OMRAN ; Liqun ZHANG ; Patrik MICHEL ; Davide STRAMBO ; João Pedro MARTO ; Raul G. NOGUEIRA ; Espen Saxhaug KRISTOFFERSEN ; Georgios TSIVGOULIS ; Virginia Pujol LEREIS ; Alice MA ; Christian ENZINGER ; Thomas GATTRINGER ; Aminur RAHMAN ; Thomas BONNET ; Noémie LIGOT ; Sylvie DE RAEDT ; Robin LEMMENS ; Peter VANACKER ; Fenne VANDERVORST ; Adriana Bastos CONFORTO ; Raquel C.T. HIDALGO ; Daissy Liliana MORA CUERVO ; Luciana DE OLIVEIRA NEVES ; Isabelle LAMEIRINHAS DA SILVA ; Rodrigo Targa MARTÍNS ; Letícia C. REBELLO ; Igor Bessa SANTIAGO ; Teodora SADELAROVA ; Rosen KALPACHKI ; Filip ALEXIEV ; Elena Adela CORA ; Michael E. KELLY ; Lissa PEELING ; Aleksandra PIKULA ; Hui-Sheng CHEN ; Yimin CHEN ; Shuiquan YANG ; Marina ROJE BEDEKOVIC ; Martin ČABAL ; Dusan TENORA ; Petr FIBRICH ; Pavel DUŠEK ; Helena HLAVÁČOVÁ ; Emanuela HRABANOVSKA ; Lubomír JURÁK ; Jana KADLČÍKOVÁ ; Igor KARPOWICZ ; Lukáš KLEČKA ; Martin KOVÁŘ ; Jiří NEUMANN ; Hana PALOUŠKOVÁ ; Martin REISER ; Vladimir ROHAN ; Libor ŠIMŮNEK ; Ondreij SKODA ; Miroslav ŠKORŇA ; Martin ŠRÁMEK ; Nicolas DRENCK ; Khalid SOBH ; Emilie LESAINE ; Candice SABBEN ; Peggy REINER ; Francois ROUANET ; Daniel STRBIAN ; Stefan BOSKAMP ; Joshua MBROH ; Simon NAGEL ; Michael ROSENKRANZ ; Sven POLI ; Götz THOMALLA ; Theodoros KARAPANAYIOTIDES ; Ioanna KOUTROULOU ; Odysseas KARGIOTIS ; Lina PALAIODIMOU ; José Dominguo BARRIENTOS GUERRA ; Vikram HUDED ; Shashank NAGENDRA ; Chintan PRAJAPATI ; P.N. SYLAJA ; Achmad Firdaus SANI ; Abdoreza GHOREISHI ; Mehdi FARHOUDI ; Elyar SADEGHI HOKMABADI ; Mazyar HASHEMILAR ; Sergiu Ionut SABETAY ; Fadi RAHAL ; Maurizio ACAMPA ; Alessandro ADAMI ; Marco LONGONI ; Raffaele ORNELLO ; Leonardo RENIERI ; Michele ROMOLI ; Simona SACCO ; Andrea SALMAGGI ; Davide SANGALLI ; Andrea ZINI ; Kenichiro SAKAI ; Hiroki FUKUDA ; Kyohei FUJITA ; Hirotoshi IMAMURA ; Miyake KOSUKE ; Manabu SAKAGUCHI ; Kazutaka SONODA ; Yuji MATSUMARU ; Nobuyuki OHARA ; Seigo SHINDO ; Yohei TAKENOBU ; Takeshi YOSHIMOTO ; Kazunori TOYODA ; Takeshi UWATOKO ; Nobuyuki SAKAI ; Nobuaki YAMAMOTO ; Ryoo YAMAMOTO ; Yukako YAZAWA ; Yuri SUGIURA ; Jang-Hyun BAEK ; Si Baek LEE ; Kwon-Duk SEO ; Sung-Il SOHN ; Jin Soo LEE ; Anita Ante ARSOVSKA ; Chan Yong CHIEH ; Wan Asyraf WAN ZAIDI ; Wan Nur Nafisah WAN YAHYA ; Fernando GONGORA-RIVERA ; Manuel MARTINEZ-MARINO ; Adrian INFANTE-VALENZUELA ; Diederik DIPPEL ; Dianne H.K. VAN DAM-NOLEN ; Teddy Y. WU ; Martin PUNTER ; Tajudeen Temitayo ADEBAYO ; Abiodun H. BELLO ; Taofiki Ajao SUNMONU ; Kolawole Wasiu WAHAB ; Antje SUNDSETH ; Amal M. AL HASHMI ; Saima AHMAD ; Umair RASHID ; Liliana RODRIGUEZ-KADOTA ; Miguel Ángel VENCES ; Patrick Matic YALUNG ; Jon Stewart Hao DY ; Waldemar BROLA ; Aleksander DĘBIEC ; Malgorzata DOROBEK ; Michal Adam KARLINSKI ; Beata M. LABUZ-ROSZAK ; Anetta LASEK-BAL ; Halina SIENKIEWICZ-JAROSZ ; Jacek STASZEWSKI ; Piotr SOBOLEWSKI ; Marcin WIĄCEK ; Justyna ZIELINSKA-TUREK ; André Pinho ARAÚJO ; Mariana ROCHA ; Pedro CASTRO ; Patricia FERREIRA ; Ana Paiva NUNES ; Luísa FONSECA ; Teresa PINHO E MELO ; Miguel RODRIGUES ; M Luis SILVA ; Bogdan CIOPLEIAS ; Adela DIMITRIADE ; Cristian FALUP-PECURARIU ; May Adel HAMID ; Narayanaswamy VENKETASUBRAMANIAN ; Georgi KRASTEV ; Jozef HARING ; Oscar AYO-MARTIN ; Francisco HERNANDEZ-FERNANDEZ ; Jordi BLASCO ; Alejandro RODRÍGUEZ-VÁZQUEZ ; Antonio CRUZ-CULEBRAS ; Francisco MONICHE ; Joan MONTANER ; Soledad PEREZ-SANCHEZ ; María Jesús GARCÍA SÁNCHEZ ; Marta GUILLÁN RODRÍGUEZ ; Gianmarco BERNAVA ; Manuel BOLOGNESE ; Emmanuel CARRERA ; Anchalee CHUROJANA ; Ozlem AYKAC ; Atilla Özcan ÖZDEMIR ; Arsida BAJRAMI ; Songul SENADIM ; Syed I. HUSSAIN ; Seby JOHN ; Kailash KRISHNAN ; Robert LENTHALL ; Kaiz S. ASIF ; Kristine BELOW ; Jose BILLER ; Michael CHEN ; Alex CHEBL ; Marco COLASURDO ; Alexandra CZAP ; Adam H. DE HAVENON ; Sushrut DHARMADHIKARI ; Clifford J. ESKEY ; Mudassir FAROOQUI ; Steven K. FESKE ; Nitin GOYAL ; Kasey B. GRIMMETT ; Amy K. GUZIK ; Diogo C. HAUSSEN ; Majesta HOVINGH ; Dinesh JILLELA ; Peter T. KAN ; Rakesh KHATRI ; Naim N. KHOURY ; Nicole L. KILEY ; Murali K. KOLIKONDA ; Stephanie LARA ; Grace LI ; Italo LINFANTE ; Aaron I. LOOCHTAN ; Carlos D. LOPEZ ; Sarah LYCAN ; Shailesh S. MALE ; Fadi NAHAB ; Laith MAALI ; Hesham E. MASOUD ; Jiangyong MIN ; Santiago ORGETA-GUTIERREZ ; Ghada A. MOHAMED ; Mahmoud MOHAMMADEN ; Krishna NALLEBALLE ; Yazan RADAIDEH ; Pankajavalli RAMAKRISHNAN ; Bliss RAYO-TARANTO ; Diana M. ROJAS-SOTO ; Sean RULAND ; Alexis N. SIMPKINS ; Sunil A. SHETH ; Amy K. STAROSCIAK ; Nicholas E. TARLOV ; Robert A. TAYLOR ; Barbara VOETSCH ; Linda ZHANG ; Hai Quang DUONG ; Viet-Phuong DAO ; Huynh Vu LE ; Thong Nhu PHAM ; Mai Duy TON ; Anh Duc TRAN ; Osama O. ZAIDAT ; Paolo MACHI ; Elisabeth DIRREN ; Claudio RODRÍGUEZ FERNÁNDEZ ; Jorge ESCARTÍN LÓPEZ ; Jose Carlos FERNÁNDEZ FERRO ; Niloofar MOHAMMADZADEH ; Neil C. SURYADEVARA, MD ; Beatriz DE LA CRUZ FERNÁNDEZ ; Filipe BESSA ; Nina JANCAR ; Megan BRADY ; Dawn SCOZZARI
Author Information

1. Department of Neurology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
Publication Type:Original Article
From:Journal of Stroke 2022;24(2):256-265
CountryRepublic of Korea
Language:English
Abstract: Background:and Purpose Recent studies suggested an increased incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We evaluated the volume of CVT hospitalization and in-hospital mortality during the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the preceding year.
Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study of 171 stroke centers from 49 countries. We recorded COVID-19 admission volumes, CVT hospitalization, and CVT in-hospital mortality from January 1, 2019, to May 31, 2021. CVT diagnoses were identified by International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10) codes or stroke databases. We additionally sought to compare the same metrics in the first 5 months of 2021 compared to the corresponding months in 2019 and 2020 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04934020).
Results:There were 2,313 CVT admissions across the 1-year pre-pandemic (2019) and pandemic year (2020); no differences in CVT volume or CVT mortality were observed. During the first 5 months of 2021, there was an increase in CVT volumes compared to 2019 (27.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 24.2 to 32.0; P<0.0001) and 2020 (41.4%; 95% CI, 37.0 to 46.0; P<0.0001). A COVID-19 diagnosis was present in 7.6% (132/1,738) of CVT hospitalizations. CVT was present in 0.04% (103/292,080) of COVID-19 hospitalizations. During the first pandemic year, CVT mortality was higher in patients who were COVID positive compared to COVID negative patients (8/53 [15.0%] vs. 41/910 [4.5%], P=0.004). There was an increase in CVT mortality during the first 5 months of pandemic years 2020 and 2021 compared to the first 5 months of the pre-pandemic year 2019 (2019 vs. 2020: 2.26% vs. 4.74%, P=0.05; 2019 vs. 2021: 2.26% vs. 4.99%, P=0.03). In the first 5 months of 2021, there were 26 cases of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), resulting in six deaths.
Conclusions:During the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic, CVT hospitalization volume and CVT in-hospital mortality did not change compared to the prior year. COVID-19 diagnosis was associated with higher CVT in-hospital mortality. During the first 5 months of 2021, there was an increase in CVT hospitalization volume and increase in CVT-related mortality, partially attributable to VITT.