The Effects of Three and Six Sessions of Low Energy Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Graft Incorporation and Knee Functions Post Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
https://doi.org/10.5704/MOJ.2203.005
- Author:
Rahim M
1
,
2
;
Ooi FK
1
;
Shihabudin MT
3
;
Chen CK
1
;
Musa AT
4
Author Information
1. Exercise and Sports Science Programme, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia&
2. School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
3. Department of Orthopaedics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
4. partment of OrDepartment of Radiology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
shockwave, graft incorporation, knee functions, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
- From:Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal
2022;16(No.1):28-39
- CountryMalaysia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Introduction: One session of high energy extracorporeal
shockwave therapy (ESWT) was found to improve the
healing of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) after
reconstruction in animal and human studies. This study
investigated the effects of three and six sessions of low
energy ESWT on graft incorporation and knee functions post
ACL reconstruction in humans.
Materials and methods: Thirty participants with ACL
injuries were recruited and assigned equally into three
groups with 10 participants per group (n=10). Participants in
the control group received physiotherapy alone without low
energy ESWT. Participants in the 3ESWT group underwent
three sessions of low energy ESWT (one session per week)
combined with physiotherapy, and participants in the
6ESWT group received six sessions of low energy ESWT
(one session per week) combined with physiotherapy.
However, five participants were lost to follow-up.
Evaluations of graft incorporation of the tibial tunnel using
magnetic resonance (MRI) and Lysholm score were carried
out before ACL reconstruction and after six months post
ACL reconstruction.
Results: The number of grafts with partial incorporation in
the tibia tunnel in 6ESWT was significantly higher compared
with the number of grafts with non-incorporation at six
months post-operatively, X2 (1, N=9) =5.44, p =0.02.
However, there was no significant difference between
frequencies of graft incorporation in tibia tunnel in the
control and 3ESWT groups, X2 (1, N=7) =3.57, p =0.06 and
X2 (1, N=9) =2.78, p =0.10, respectively at 6 months postoperatively. Lysholm scores were significantly higher at 6
months post ACL reconstruction compared to the baseline
value for each group (p<0.002, respectively). However, there
was no significant difference in the Lysholm score between
each group (F = 2.798, p = 0.083).
Conclusions: Six sessions of low energy ESWT improved
graft incorporation in the tibial tunnel. Both three and six
sessions of low energy of ESWT does not affect the knee
function score at six months post ACL reconstruction.
- Full text:16.2022my1222.pdf
