Relapse risk analysis in anti-aquaporin 4-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders patients treated with immunosuppressant
10.3760/cma.j.cn113694-20211230-00941
- VernacularTitle:免疫抑制剂治疗抗水通道蛋白4抗体阳性视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病患者复发风险分析
- Author:
Hexiang YIN
1
;
Yao ZHANG
;
Wenjun WANG
;
Yan XU
;
Bin PENG
;
Liying CUI
Author Information
1. 中国医学科学院北京协和医院神经科，北京100730
- Keywords:
Neuromyelitis optica;
Anti-aquaporin 4 autoantibody;
Immunosuppressive agents;
Recurrence;
Therapeutic uses
- From:
Chinese Journal of Neurology
2022;55(4):306-311
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the relapse risk factors of anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) patients treated with immunosuppressant.Methods:Data (from January 2011 to June 2021) of AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD patients treated with immunosuppressant for longer than 5 years from MSNMObase, a hospital-based electronic registry for multiple sclerosis and related disorders in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, were collected. Clinical features and risk factor differences between patients with and without relapse under the immunosuppressive therapy were analyzed.Results:One hundred and twelve patients with AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD were included, 105 (93.8%) of which were female. The disease onset age was (34.9±11.3) years, 13(11.6%) had an older disease onset age than 50 years (late onset), and the disease duration was 8.1 (6.6, 11.4) years. Sixty-four (57.1%) patients had relapse, and the proportion of late onset patients was significantly lower in relapse group than in non-relapse group [4/64(6.3%) vs 9/48(18.8%), χ2=4.18, P=0.041]. Compared with those without relapse, both the annualized relapse rate (ARR) before treatment [1.07 (0.36, 2.25) vs 0.34 (0, 1.11), Z=2.92, P=0.003] and the proportion of patients with relapse before treatment [54/64(84.4%) vs 33/48(68.8%), χ2=3.86, P=0.049] were significantly higher for patients in relapse group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed the relapse risk of late-onset patients was lower than that of early-onset patients ( HR=0.26, 95% CI 0.10-0.73, P=0.010) and patients with higher ARR before treatment showed a higher risk of relapse under the immunosuppressive therapy ( HR=1.55,95% CI 1.26-1.91, P<0.001). Conclusion:AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD patients with younger disease onset age than 50 years or with frequent relapses before treatment had a higher relapse risk under the immunosuppressive therapy, and they may need highly effective treatments.
