The role and mechanism of abnormal accumulation and transmission of alpha-synuclein in the pathogenesis and progression of Parkinson′s disease
10.3760/cma.j.cn113694-20210601-00379
- VernacularTitle:α-突触核蛋白异常聚集与传播在帕金森病发生发展中的作用及机制
- Author:
Qingrui DUAN
1
;
Yuyuan GAO
;
Kun NIE
;
Lijuan WANG
Author Information
1. 广东省人民医院（广东省医学科学院）神经科 广东省神经科学研究所，广州 510080
- Keywords:
alpha-Synuclein;
Parkinson disease;
Accumulation;
Transmission
- From:
Chinese Journal of Neurology
2022;55(3):254-259
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Parkinson′s disease (PD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease, which has the effects on the patients′ quality of life and brings a huge burden to the society and family. The pathological feature of PD is the abnormal accumulation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) in the brain of substantia nigra-striatum, mediating the death of dopaminergic neurons. However, further studies have found that α-syn mediates the abnormal function of astrocytes leading to the destruction of the blood-brain barrier and the release of inflammatory factors caused by microglia, which are related to the pathogenesis of PD. Therefore, neurons, glial cells, and blood vessels as a whole named neurovascular unit can better reflect the pathophysiological environment of PD and reveal the PD pathogenesis. Studies have detected the ways of α-syn transmission, such as prion-like, tunneling nanotubes, exosomes, are connected with the pathogenesis and progression of PD. The Braak stage and the prospective cohort of early PD provide a view that the peripheral α-syn to the central nervous system may be an another important way to mediate the pathogenesis and progression of PD. The research about the abnormal aggregation and spread of α-syn can provide the new theory for the pathogenesis of PD and the new disease modifying therapy of PD. This article reviews the role of abnormal aggregation and transmission of α-syn in the pathogenesis of PD.
