Associations of Daytime Napping with Incident Cardiovascular Diseases and Hypertension in Chinese Adults: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
- Author:
Lu WANG
1
;
Ke WANG
1
;
Lin Jiong LIU
2
;
Yuan Yuan ZHANG
2
;
Hai Nan SHU
2
;
Kai WANG
2
;
Pei Xuan ZHOU
2
;
Yun Quan ZHANG
3
,
4
Author Information
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords: Adults; Cardiovascular disease; Daytime napping; Hypertension; Sleep duration
- MeSH: Adult; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology*; China/epidemiology*; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Hypertension/etiology*; Incidence; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Sleep/physiology*; Time Factors
- From: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022;35(1):22-34
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to examine the associations of daytime napping with incident risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and hypertension (HTN).
METHODS:Data for napping and CVD outcomes in 25 provinces were collected from baseline (2010) and three waves of follow-up (2012-2017) investigations of the China Family Panel Studies. Cox frailty models with random intercepts for the surveyed provinces were used to assess the longitudinal effects of daytime napping on CVD and HTN.
RESULTS:Compared with non-nappers, 30+ min nappers had higher risks of CVD and HTN, while no significant associations were observed among < 30 min nappers. Incident risks among 30- to < 60-min nappers increased by 22% [hazard ratio (HR) 1.22, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.08-1.39] for CVD and 21% (1.21, 1.04-1.41) for HTN, respectively, with corresponding HRs of CVD and HTN of 1.27 (1.09-1.47) and 1.38 (1.16-1.65) among ≥ 60 min nappers. Nap-associated CVD risks varied by subgroups, with stronger associations in participants with lower body mass index (< 24 kg/m 2), physically inactive persons, smokers, and participants with longer nighttime sleep (≥ 7 h/night). Significant effects of daytime napping were observed on rural and northern residents only, highlighting great regional variations in CVD risks associated with napping habits.
CONCLUSIONS:This cohort study revealed strong evidence that long daytime napping (≥ 30 min) is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events.
