Immunotherapy Strategies for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
10.3969/j.issn.1006-9771.2018.08.021
- VernacularTitle:视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病的免疫治疗策略
- Author:
Libo FANG
1
;
Guangzhi LIU
2
;
Yinghong XUE
1
Author Information
1. Department of Neurology, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
2. Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, aquaporin 4, immunotherapy
- From:
Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice
2018;24(8):987-992
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
This paper assembled immunotherapy methods for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in recent years, including the treatment of acute stage, the prevention of relapse and the potential immunotherapy. The treatment of acute stage is mainly to inhibit inflammatory response and reduce aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody(Ab) titer, and this is done mainly by using high-dose hormone shock therapy and plasmapheresis. Remission treatment is to inhibit the proliferation of T cells and B cells and also remove B cells from the body, for the purpose of reducing the number of relapses. Azathioprine, rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil are mainly given during remission stage. The treatment of NMOSD will become more targeted/specific in the future. The mechanism of action of the new drug is mainly through blocking the binding of pathogenic AQP4-Ab and its antigen (Ag), reducing the generation of pathogenic AQP4-Ab, and blocking the downstream reaction after pathogenic Ab-Ag binding. The new drugs mainly include aquaporumab, tocilizumab, DNA vaccine, anti-CD19 monoclonal Ab (MEDI-551), eculizumab and bevacizumab.
