Protective Effect of Total Ginsenoside Ginseng Root on Learning and Memory Impairment and Anxiety in Rats Induced by Hindlimb Suspension
10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20210405
- VernacularTitle:人参总皂苷对尾吊模拟微重力大鼠学习记忆损伤和焦虑的保护作用
- Author:
Yu BAO
1
;
Ying CHEN
2
;
Gui-rong ZENG
3
;
Zi-yu YANG
2
;
Rui-le PAN
4
;
Zhe SHI
5
;
Qin HU
6
;
Jing-wei LYU
2
;
Cong LU
7
;
Yang HE
1
;
Ning JIANG
2
;
Bo PENG
3
;
Xin-min LIU
2
;
Lian-kui WEN
1
Author Information
1. Jilin Agricultural University， Changchun 130118，China
2. Institute of Chinese Materia Medica， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences， Beijing 100700，China
3. Hunan Drug Safety Evaluation Center， Liuyang 410331，China
4. Institute of Medicinal Plants， Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences， Beijing 100193，China
5. Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Changsha 410208，China
6. Beijing University of Technology， Beijing 100024，China
7. Institute of Agricultural Products rocessing， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100193，China
- Publication Type:Research Article
- Keywords:
total ginsenoside ginseng root;
weightlessness;
learning and memory;
anxiety;
neurotransmitters;
Tryptophan pathway;
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis;
inflammatory factors
- From:
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
2021;27(7):49-56
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the effect of total ginsenoside ginseng root on the learning and memory impairment and anxiety of hindlimb suspension rats by detecting the performance of rats in the water maze， elevated plus maze， and the expression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis， inflammatory factors and tryptophan pathway related factors through the intervention of ginsenosides in hindlimb suspension rats. Method:The Wistar male rats were divided into normal group， hindlimb suspension model group， Huperzine A group （0.1 mg·kg-1）， and total ginsenoside ginseng root low and high dose groups （100， 200 mg·kg-1）， with 8 rats in each group. Except for the normal group， the rats in the other groups maintained a -30° hindlimb suspension state for 24 h. The normal group and the model group received intragastric administration of 10 mL·kg-1 pure water . After 28 days of continuous administration， the water maze and elevated plus maze behavioral tests were performed. After the tests， blood was taken from the abdominal aorta， and the rat brain cortex was peeled off on ice， quenched with liquid nitrogen， and stored at -80 ℃ for later use. LC-MS/MS was used to detect neurotransmitter levels of dopamine， acetylcholine， glutamate， γ-aminobutyric acid and tryptophan pathway metabolites （tryptophan， 5-hydroxytryptamine， 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid， kynurenine， 3-hydroxykynurenine， and kynurenine） in rat brain cortex. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） kit was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-10 （IL-10， the HPA axis-related hormone corticotropin （ACTH）， and the level of corticosterone （CORT）. Result:Compared with the normal group， the escape latency in the water maze significantly increased， the number of crossings was significantly reduced， and the number of open-arm entry and the percentage of open-arm entry were significantly reduced in the elevated plus maze in model group （P<0.05， P<0.01）， the content of dopamine， acetylcholine， glutamic acid， and γ-aminobutyric acid in the cortex decreased， kynurenine and kynurenic acid showed an upward trend， 3-hydroxykynurenine， 5-hydroxytryptamine， 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid showed a downward trend， and the levels of IL-6， IL-10， ACTH， and CORT in the serum significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group of rats， total ginsenoside ginseng root low and high dose groups group reduced the avoidance latency in the water maze， and increased the number of crossings and the number of open arms of the elevated plus maze， dopamine， acetylcholine， glutamate， and γ-aminobutyl content increased， while kynurenine and kynurenic acid showed a downward trend， 3-hydroxykynurenine， serotonin， and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid showed an upward trend， and IL-6， IL-10， ACTH， and CORT factor levels were down-regulated（P<0.05， P<0.01）. Conclusion:Hindlimb suspension for 28 days in simulated microgravity can impair the learning and memory ability of rats and cause anxiety-like behaviors. Total ginsenoside ginseng root can improve their learning and memory impairment and anxiety-like behaviors. The mechanism may be mainly related to inhibiting body inflammation and regulating HPA axis imbalance.
