Effects of White-coat Hypertension on Heart Rate Recovery and Blood Pressure Response during Exercise Test
- Author:
Sol JIN
1
;
Jung Ho HEO
;
Bong Jun KIM
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- From:Kosin Medical Journal 2020;35(2):89-100
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Objectives:White-coat hypertension is defined as high blood pressure (BP) on clinical assessment but normal BP elsewhere or on ambulatory measurement. Autonomic dysfunction may be one of the mechanisms causing white-coat hypertension.Slowed heart rate recovery and excessive BP response during exercise test are associated with autonomic dysfunction.The purpose of this study was to determine the association between white-coat hypertension and abnormal autonomic nervous system response.
Methods:We assessed 295 patients stratified into three groups via 24hr ambulatory BP monitoring, following 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines : normal BP group, white-coat hypertension group, and a hypertension group. We analyzed medical history, blood test, echocardiography, 24hr ambulatory BP monitoring, and exercise test data.
Results:There was no difference in basement characteristics and echocardiography among the groups. Blunted heart rate recovery of each group showed a significant difference. Control group had 0% blunted heart rate recovery, but 33.3% in white coat group and 27.6% in true hypertension group (P < 0.001). Also, in the control group, 4.5% showed excessive BP response, but 31.5% in the white coat hypertension group and 29.3% in the true hypertension group (P < 0.001). Excessive BP response during the exercise test or blunted heart rate recovery, which is an indicator of autonomic nervous system abnormality, was more common in the hypertensive group and white-coat hypertension group than in the normal BP group.
Conclusions:These results confirmed that white-coat hypertension has an autonomic nervous system risk. Therefore, white-coat hypertension can be a future cardiovascular risk factor.
