Intraoperative near-infrared spectroscopy for pedicled perforator flaps: a possible tool for the early detection of vascular issues
- Author:
Andrea MARCHESI
1
;
Pietro GARIERI
;
Francesco AMENDOLA
;
Stefano MARCELLI
;
Luca VAIENTI
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- From:Archives of Plastic Surgery 2021;48(4):457-461
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Background:Pedicled perforator flaps can present postoperative complications similar to those encountered in free flap surgery. Beyond a clinical evaluation, there is still no reliable technical aid for the early prediction of vascular issues. The aim of this study was to assess the support of near-infrared spectroscopy technology as an intraoperative tool to anticipate postsurgical flap ischemia.
Methods:We prospectively enrolled 13 consecutive patients who were referred to our hospital from March 2017 to July 2018 and required a reconstructive procedure with a pedicled fasciocutaneous perforator flap. We measured flap peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) in each patient with a Somanetics INVOS 5100C Cerebral/Somatic Oximeter (Medtronic), both before and after transposition. Patient demographics, operative data, and complications were then recorded during the following 6 months. We analyzed the data using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and linear regression.
Results:The mean flap SpO2 before and after transposition was 92%±3% and 78%±19%, respectively. The mean change in SpO2 was 14%±17%, with a range of 0% to 55%. The change in saturation and mean saturation ratio were significantly different between patients with and without postoperative flap necrosis.
Conclusions:An immediate quantitative analysis of flap peripheral capillary SpO2 after transposition has never before been described. In our experience, an intraoperative drop in SpO2 equal to or greater than 15%–20% predicted vascular complications in pedicled perforator flaps. Conversely, flap size and rotation angle were not correlated with the risk of flap necrosis.
