Prevalence and characteristics of isolated nocturnal hypertension in the general population
- Author:
Moo-Yong RHEE
1
;
Je Sang KIM
;
Chee Hae KIM
;
Ji-Hyun KIM
;
Jung-Ha LEE
;
Sun-Woong KIM
;
Deuk-Young NAH
;
Namyi GU
;
Eun-Joo CHO
;
Ki-Chul SUNG
;
Kyung-Soon HONG
Author Information
- Publication Type:2
- From:The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2021;36(5):1126-1133
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Background/Aims:Ascertaining the prevalence of isolated nocturnal hypertension (INHT) in the general population and identifying the characteristics of patients with INHT may be important to determine patients who should receive 24- hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) measurements. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of INHT in the general population.
Methods:Of 1,128 participants (aged 20 to 70 years), we analyzed 823 who had valid 24-hour ambulatory BP measurements and were not on antihypertensive drug treatment.
Results:The prevalence of INHT in the study was 22.8%. Individuals with INHT had a higher office, 24-hour, and daytime and nighttime ambulatory systolic and diastolic BPs compared to individuals with sustained day-night normotension. INHT was more prevalent in individuals with masked hypertension (MH) than in those with sustained hypertension (59.8% vs. 15.6%, p < 0.001). Among individuals with INHT, 92.6% had MH. Among individuals with office BP-based prehypertension, 34.5% had both INHT and MH. The prevalence of INHT was highest in individuals with office BP-based prehypertension. INHT was an independent determinant of MH after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, 24-hour systolic and diastolic BP, systolic and diastolic BP dipping, and systolic and diastolic BP non-dipping.
Conclusions:The present study showed that INHT is not uncommon and is a major determinant of MH. Our findings strongly suggest the use of 24-hour ambulatory BP measurement for individuals within the prehypertension range of office BP owing to the high prevalence of INHT and MH in this population.
