Emergency Department Visits for Panic Attacks and Ambient Air Pollution: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Analysis
10.4306/jknpa.2021.60.3.213
- Author:
Young Kyung MOON
1
;
Wonyun LEE
;
Sehhyun OH
;
Ho KIM
;
Woojae MYUNG
;
Hyewon LEE
;
Doh Kwan KIM
Author Information
1. Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Publication Type:ORIGINAL ARTICLE
- From:Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
2021;60(3):213-222
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Objectives:This study investigates the association between short-term exposure to air pollutants and panic attacks requiring emergency department (ED) visits.
Methods:We identified 1926 patients who visited EDs in Seoul with panic attacks as the primary cause during the period from 2008 to 2014. We estimated short-term exposure to particles <2.5 μm (PM2.5), particles <10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), and carbon monoxide (CO). We applied a time-stratified case-crossover study design and conducted a conditional logistic regression analysis to assess the association between air pollutants levels and ED visits due to panic attacks.
Results:Increasing O3 concentration was significantly associated with an increased risk of panic attacks requiring ED visits (odds ratio: 1.15; 95% confidence interval: 1.04–1.27) on the same day of exposure. This association was robust to the sensitivity analysis using two pollutant models.
Conclusion:Our results show that short-term exposure to elevated O3 concentration is associated with the exacerbation of panic attacks. This finding strongly suggests the detrimental effects of O3 on major public health problems and provides insights for further research to investigate the causal associations between air pollution and poor mental health.
