Research progress of evaluating the prognosis of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drug treatment for diabetic macular edema with clinical markers

VernacularTitle:评估糖尿病黄斑水肿抗血管内皮生长因子药物治疗预后的临床标志物研究进展
Author: Qinyun CHEN ; Xuedong ZHANG
From: Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases 2021;37(4):321-327
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs is the main treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME), however, 30% of patients still respond poorly to its treatment. At present, imaging markers that can indicate the prognosis of anti-VEGF drug treatment include ischemic index, deep retinal capillary plexus foveal avascular zone area, number of microaneurysms, blood flow density, disorder of the inner retinal layer, outer membrane and/or the degree of damage to the ellipsoid zone, strong reflex foci, intraretinal cysts, subretinal fluid. Biomarkers include high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, anti-fumarase antibody, intraocular aqueous humor cell adhesion molecule-1, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, etc. Understanding these clinical markers that may predict and evaluate the prognosis of anti-VEGF drug therapy can be beneficial to adjust the treatment plan, and more effectively monitor, treat, and manage DME patients.