Advances in study on factors related to avascular necrosis of the femoral head after paediatric femoral neck fractures

VernacularTitle:儿童股骨颈骨折后发生股骨头坏死相关因素的研究进展
Author: Jingchuan GU ; Quan LI ; Yongmin MAO ; Dapeng XU ; Aiguo ZHANG
From: Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics 2021;41(9):595-601
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Femoral neck fractures in pediatric fractures account for less than 1% which is very rare, and its mechanism is commonly caused by high-energy trauma. If children with femoral neck fracture cannot receive timely and effective treatment, they are at high risk of avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN), coxa vara, bone nonunion, premature physeal closure, leg length discrepancy and other complications. Surgical treatment is currently preferred over conservative treatment, which has a higher complication rate. Among them, AVN is one of the most common and the most difficult complications to manage. So far, no effective treatment measures and reliable predictors have been reported, and the related factors affecting the occurrence of AVN have also been controversial. Once femoral head necrosis occurs in children, the prognosis is not ideal due to the lack of appropriate treatment methods. Therefore, this paper reviews the research progress on the related factors of AVN after femoral neck fracture in children based on the literature reports in the past decade.