Advances in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration by stem cell exosomes
10.3760/cma.j.cn121113-20201209-00725
- VernacularTitle:干细胞外泌体治疗椎间盘退变的研究进展
- Author:
Weiliang SU
;
Xiaolin WU
;
Zhu GUO
;
Nana SHEN
;
Chang LIU
;
Shuai YANG
;
Yan WANG
;
Guoqing ZHANG
;
Wujun CHEN
;
Hongfei XIANG
;
Bohua CHEN
- From:
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
2021;41(4):253-261
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Exosomes are vesicles with a double globular membrane of lipids that can be secreted by a variety of cells, including stem cells. Exosomes have unique biological characteristics and irreplaceable powerful functions which play an important role in intercellular communication. The various cytokines, signal proteins, lipids and regulatory nucleic acids contained in stem cell exosomes can play a protective role against the injury of kidney, liver, heart, blood vessels and nerves. Stem cell exosomes delay the process of intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting the apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells and increasing the synthesis of extracellular matrix, etc. The mechanism of its role is mainly through miRNA and related signaling pathways. Exosomes contain complex components. Although the mechanism of action of exosomes in intervertebral discs has been preliminarily explored, the components contained in exosomes are complex and the specific situation has not been fully understood, which still needs further study. In this review, the characteristics and functions of stem cell exosomes, extraction, identification and storage methods, the impacttovarious other tissues, as well as the effects on intervertebral discs and their mechanisms were elaborated in order to provide a basis for the study of intervertebral disc degenerative diseases.
