Type 1 diabetes mellitus and celiac disease in children and adolescents

VernacularTitle:儿童青少年1型糖尿病合并乳糜泻研究现状
Author: Xiaomin SHANG ; Xuefei LENG ; Zhihong CHEN
From: International Journal of Pediatrics 2021;48(2):112-116
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM), which is an autoimmune disease, mostly affect people with hereditary susceptibility under the joint participation of environmental factors.It is known to coexist with other autoimmune disorders such as celiac disease(CD). The prevalence of CD is higher in patients with type 1 diabetes compared with the general population.Most patients affected with both T1DM and CD are atypical for CD at diagnosis, and may be misdiagnosed and subsequently suffered from the delayed treatment.These patients are more likely to develop symptomatic hypoglycemia, or poor blood glucose control, leading to an increased risk of chronic complications and seriously affecting the quality of their life.Thus, screening for CD is recommended in patients with T1DM.Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody is the preferred biomarker for CD screening in children and adolescents over 2 years of age, with a sensitivity of 95% to 100% and a specificity of 94% to 100%.And a low-carbohydrate diet is often combined with a gluten-free diet.