Energy and protein intakes are associated with stunting among preschool children in Central Jakarta, Indonesia: a case-control study
https://doi.org/10.31246/mjn-2020-0074
- Author:
Sandra Fikawati
1
;
Ahmad Syafiq
1
;
Rienzy Kholifatur Ririyanti
2
;
Syilga Cahya Gemily
2
Author Information
1. Center for Nutrition and Health Studies, Faculty of Public Health University of Indonesia (FPHUI), Depok, West Java, Indonesia
2. Department of Public Health Nutrition, FPHUI, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Stunting, energy intake, protein intake, preschool children, nutrient intake
- From:
Malaysian Journal of Nutrition
2021;27(No.1):81-91
- CountryMalaysia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Introduction: Stunting is a major nutritional problem in Indonesia. The prevalence
of stunting in DKI Jakarta province was relatively high at 27.5% in 2013 and 17.7%
in 2018. This study aims to describe nutrient intakes of children aged 25-30 months
and to determine the proportional differences in nutrient intakes between stunting
and normal children in Central Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: A case-control study
with a total sample of 121 children aged 25-30 months was conducted in Gambir and
Sawah Besar sub-districts, Central Jakarta, where the prevalence of stunting was
high. All children were exclusively breastfed for at least four months and had similar
socio-economic levels. Data collected included height measurement, questionnairebased interview, and 24-hour food recall. T-test and chi-square test were used to
investigate the differences between two groups and logistic regression was used in
multivariate analysis. Results: Factors associated with stunting were energy intake
(AOR=6.0; 95% CI=1.0-35.0) and protein intake (AOR=4.0; 95% CI=1.1-15.5) after
controlling for fat, carbohydrate, vitamin C, iron, and zinc intakes. The percentage of
children with energy intake below the recommendation was much higher in stunted
children (86.1%) compared to normal children (43.5%). Similarly, the percentage
of children with protein intake below the recommendation was very much higher
among stunted children (30.6%) compared to 8.2% in normal children. Conclusion:
Children who lacked energy and protein intakes were at a higher risk of stunting
than children who had sufficient intakes. Macronutrient intakes are important and
should be consumed in sufficient quantities every day to prevent stunting.
- Full text:4.2021my0526.pdf
